【学习笔记】懂你英语 商务英语 Level 5 Unit 2 Part 5（I）词汇 Basic Concepts

Supply and demand are basic concepts of economics.

They are two forces that determine the prices of the goods and services we buy every day.

Being familiar with them can help you better understand the economic world around you.

trade

Trade is the exchange of goods or services between buyers and sellers.

A buyer gives money to a seller in return for a good or service.

The price of a good or service depends on the supply of the seller and the demand of the buyer.

supply

Supply is the quantity of goods or services that sellers have and are willing to sell.

In order for a buyer to purchase a good or service, there must be supply of it.

demand

Demand is the quantity of goods or services that buyers are willing and able to purchase.

In order for a business to sell its products, there needs to be demand for them.

【选择】-What happens when a buyer and a seller trade with each other?     -money is exchanged for a product

【选择】-When would happen to a farm supply of apples if it's apple crop grows well?   -it's supply will increase.

【选择】If there isn't demand for its goods or services, a business... won't be able to sell them.

【填空】The price of a good or service depends on how much supply the seller provides, and how much the buyer demands.

【填空】The company is increasing supply to meet new demand.

【填空】As consumer income rises, there is usually a higher demand for high-end products.

【填空】There was not enough demand for their products, so they were forced to cut prices.

【跟读】As people start to eat healthier, the demand for junk food will decrease.

market price

The market price is the price at which something is offered in a marketplace.

If consumers think the price of a product is too high, they will not want to buy it, so there will be little demand.

If the price of a product is lower than consumers' expectations, it will be sold quickly at less profit.

surplus   n. 剩余；[贸易] 顺差；盈余；过剩adj. 剩余的；过剩的

A surplus occurs when the supply of a product is higher than the demand.

If sellers have a surplus of products, they may lower their prices in order to sell more. 【跟读】

shortage

A shortage occurs when there is not enough supply to meet the demand.

During a shortage, sellers may choose to raise the prices in order to make more money.

【选择】-What happens when the price of a product is lower than consumer's expectations?    -The product will be sold quickly.

【选择】If a product doesn't sell well, it may lead to a... surplus

【选择】-Why may a seller raise the price of a product during a shortage?   -They want to make more money.

【选择】If a company underestimates demand for a product,  ... it could lead to a shortage.

【选择】-What happens when the supply of a product is lower than its demand?    -shortage

【选择】-The quantity of goods or services the sellers have and are willing to sell.   -supply

【填空】The market price  is the price at which something is offered in a maketplace.

【填空】The supermarket had a surplus of pears, so it lowered the price in order to sell them before they went rotten.   超市里有多余的梨，所以为了在梨腐烂之前把它们卖掉，超市降低了价格。

【填空】At the end of the summer, the store had a surplus of shorts because they didn't sell well.   夏末时，这家店有多余的短裤，因为卖得不好。

【填空】There's been a shortage of that toy, so some vendors are selling it for three times the price.   那个玩具一直缺货，所以一些商贩以三倍的价格出售。

【填空】【朗读】They underestimated demand for their new handbags, so there was a shortage.   他们低估了对新手提包的需求，所以出现了短缺。