一、缘 起

做接口测试，需要提前在数据库插入预先准备好的测试数据，故，笔者做整理出用Python3连接MySQL数据库及其基本的操作法方法

二、说 明

Python3连接MySQL数据库使用到的第三方库为：PyMySQL，当然，安装也很简单

# 直接pip安装即可
pip install PyMySQL

三、使 用

1. Python3连接连接数据库

#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
# 导入pymysql库
from pymysql import connect

try:
    conn = connect(
        host='10.*.*.***',
        port=3306,
        user='user name',
        password='user passwd',
        db='database',
        charset='utf8')
    cursor = conn.cursor()
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
else:
    print('Connect Success:%s' % cursor)

# result
>> Connect Success:<pymysql.cursors.Cursor object at 0x000002BB65E0D828>

2. 数据库基本操作：增、删、改、查
   实际上只需要定义一个执行SQL的方法，具体运行对应的增删改查SQL语句即可

#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
# 导入pymysql库
from pymysql import connect

......
# 连接数据库
try:
    conn = connect()
......

def execute_sql(command, sql):
    """
    查询数据库数据
    :param command:
    :param sql:
    :return:
    """
    if command in ('SELECT', 'select'):
        # 如果为查询指令
        sql = sql.encode('utf-8')
        try:
            cursor.execute(sql)
            result = cursor.fetchall()
            return result
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
        finally:
            conn.close()
    elif command in ('delete', 'DELETE', 'update', 'UPDATE', 'insert', 'INSERT'):
        # 如果为增删改
        sql = sql.encode('utf-8')
        try:
            cursor.execute(sql)
            conn.commit()
        except Exception as e:
           # 如果失败则回滚
            conn.rollback()
            print(e)
        finally:
            conn.close()
    else:
        print('Command Error!')

if __name__ == '__main__':

    sel_sql = 'SELECT * FROM tb_user WHERE phone = "182********";'
    print(execute_sql('select', sel_sql))

四、最 后

Python3连接MySQL基本就这么多，OK！
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不积跬步，无以至千里