http://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujinyi/p/4610050.html

创建用户，用户是跟着库走，哪个库下创建那个库下验证。

use test
db.createUser(
{
user: "liyuhuan",
pwd: "jkinfo",
roles: [
{ role: "readWrite", db: "test" },{ role: "backup", db: "test" },{ role: "restore", db: "test" },{ role: "dbAdmin", db: "test" }
]
}
)

摘要：
MongoDB 3.0 安全权限访问控制，在添加用户上面3.0版本和之前的版本有很大的区别，这里就说明下3.0的添加用户的方法。
环境、测试：
在安装MongoDB之后，先关闭auth认证，进入查看数据库，只有一个local库，admin库是不存在的：
root@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test2015-06-29T09:31:08.673-0400 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > show dbs;local 0.078GB

现在需要创建一个帐号，该账号需要有grant权限，即：账号管理的授权权限。注意一点，帐号是跟着库走的，所以在指定库里授权，必须也在指定库里验证(auth)。

> use adminswitched to db admin>
 db.createUser({ user: "dba", pwd: "dba",roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]****... }... )**Successfully added user: { "user" : "dba", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}

上面加粗的就是执行的命令：
user：用户名
pwd：密码
roles：指定用户的角色，可以用一个空数组给新用户设定空角色；在roles字段,可以指定内置角色和用户定义的角色。role里的角色可以选：

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具体角色：

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刚建立了 userAdminAnyDatabase 角色，用来管理用户，可以通过这个角色来创建、删除用户。验证：需要开启auth参数。

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上面创建了2个帐号，现在验证下：验证前提需要一个集合

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db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2}) ** #插入失败，没有权限，userAdminAnyDatabase 权限只是针对用户管理的，对其他是没有权限的。WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('55915185d629831d887ce2cb'), a: 1.0, b: 2.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> byeroot@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('zjy','zjy') ** #用创建的readWrite帐号进行写入1> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":11,"b":22})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":111,"b":222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }> db.auth('zjyr','zjyr') ** #切换到只有read权限的帐号**1> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) #不能写入WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 13, "errmsg" : "not authorized on test to execute command { insert: "abc", documents: [ { _id: ObjectId('559151ebb78649ebd8316856'), a: 1111.0, b: 2222.0 } ], ordered: true }" }})> db.abc.find() #可以查看{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151a1b78649ebd8316853"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151cab78649ebd8316854"), "a" : 11, "b" : 22 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559151ceb78649ebd8316855"), "a" : 111, "b" : 222 }

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有没有一个超级权限？不仅可以授权，而且也可以对集合进行任意操作？答案是肯定的，只是不建议使用。那就是role角色设置成root。

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db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.createUser(... {... user: "zhoujinyi",... pwd: "zhoujinyi",... roles: [... { role: "root", db: "admin" } #超级root帐号... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "zhoujinyi", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> > show users; #查看当前库下的用户{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}> use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('zhoujinyi','zhoujinyi')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) ** #权限都有WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.abc.find(){ "_id" : ObjectId("5591539bb78649ebd8316857"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }{ "_id" : ObjectId("559153a0b78649ebd8316858"), "a" : 1111, "b" : 2222 }> db.abc.remove({})WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })

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因为帐号都是在当前需要授权的数据库下授权的，那要是不在当前数据库下会怎么样？

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dbadmin>** db.createUser(... {... user: "dxy",... pwd: "dxy",... roles: [... { role: "readWrite", db: "test" }, #在当前库下创建其他库的帐号，在admin库下创建test、abc库的帐号... { role: "readWrite", db: "abc" } ... ]... }... )Successfully added user: { "user" : "dxy", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> > show users;{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> use testswitched to db test> db.auth('dxy','dxy') ** #在admin下创建的帐号，不能直接在其他库验证，Error: 18 Authentication failed.0> use adminswitched to db admin ** #只能在帐号创建库下认证，再去其他库进行操作。**> db.auth('dxy','dxy')1> use testswitched to db test> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> use abcswitched to db abc> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

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上面更加进一步说明数据库帐号是跟着数据库来走的，哪里创建哪里认证。
创建了这么多帐号，怎么查看所有帐号？

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use adminswitched to db admin> db.auth('dba','dba')1>** db.system.users.find().pretty()**{ "_id" : "admin.dba", "user" : "dba", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "KfDUzCOIUo7WVjFr64ZOcQ==", "storedKey" : "t4sPsKG2dXnZztVYj5EgdUzT9sc=", "serverKey" : "2vCGiq9NIc1zKqeEL6VvO4rP26A=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjyr", "user" : "zjyr", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "h1gOW3J7wzJuTqgmmQgJKQ==", "storedKey" : "7lkoANdxM2py0qiDBzFaZYPp1cM=", "serverKey" : "Qyu6IRNyaKLUvqJ2CAa/tQYY36c=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "read", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "test.zjy", "user" : "zjy", "db" : "test", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "afwaKuTYPWwbDBduQ4Hm7g==", "storedKey" : "ebb2LYLn4hiOVlZqgrAKBdStfn8=", "serverKey" : "LG2qWwuuV+FNMmr9lWs+Rb3DIhQ=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi", "user" : "zhoujinyi", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "pE2cSOYtBOYevk8tqrwbSQ==", "storedKey" : "TwMxdnlB5Eiaqg4tNh9ByNuUp9A=", "serverKey" : "Mofr9ohVlFfR6/md4LMRkOhXouc=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}{ "_id" : "admin.dxy", "user" : "dxy", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "XD6smcWX4tdg/ZJPoLxxRg==", "storedKey" : "F4uiayykHDp/r9krAKZjdr+gqjM=", "serverKey" : "Kf51IU9J3RIrB8CFn5Z5hEKMSkw=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "test" }, { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "abc" } ]}> db.system.users.find().count()5

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备份还原使用那个角色的帐号？之前创建的帐号zjy:test库读写权限；zjyr:test库读权限

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