查看服务器字符集
select userenv(‘language’) from dual;

修改linux 环境变量与数据库一致，设置字符集（主数据库操作系统与备份数据库操作系统要一致）
vi .bash_profile
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8; export NLS_LANG
source .bash_profile

查看文件字符集
cat data.dmp |od -x|head -1|awk '{print $2 $3}'|cut -c 3-6
select nls_charset_name(to_number('0345'，'xxxx')) from dual;

创建用户 并授权
create user user1 identified by 12346;
grant connect,resource,dba to user1 ;

创建表空间
create tablespace user1_space datafile '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/helowin/user1_space.dbf' size 5120M

导出user1下面表结构、表数据、存储过程、触发器、序列 等
exp user1/user1_pwd@helowin owner=user1 file = /tmp/data.dmp

拷贝文件到另一台主机
scp data.dmp root@192.168.1.100:/tmp

导入
imp user1/user1_pwd@helowin fromuser=user1 touser=user1 file=/tmp/data.dmp ignore=y