大家好！这周的“每周一段”段落选自 2018 年 8 月 18 日《经济学人》It is not just in Italy that bridges are failing 一文。段落为文章第二段。为方便仿写，段落有调整。
一、文本
In Italy fingers are already being pointed: at the operator of the bridge, at the bridge’s designer, at politicians at home and abroad. But the Genoa disaster also carries a warning that stretches well beyond the country’s borders. Concrete, on which the Morandi bridge relied, has become the world’s most widely used building material. The sort reinforced with steel is found in all manner of construction.
译文：
在意大利，桥梁的操作者、设计者和国内外的政治家都受到了指责。但是热那亚灾难带来的警告不仅仅是给意大利的（远远超越了国界）。莫兰迪大桥所依赖的混凝土已经成为世界上使用最广泛的建筑材料。在各种建筑中都能找到钢筋加固的那种混凝土。
二、段落解读
这段话选自的文章讲的是由于意大利基础设施陈旧造成的重大事故。
全段共 4 句，为“个性--›共性”的写作提供了一个实用的段落模板：第 1 句写事故的责任人（个性）；第 2 句写事故并非个案（共性）；第 3、4 句具体写共性。
三、句子学习
我们主要通过“临摹”和“背诵”的方式精学一段话。
临摹：提炼句型+造句
临摹句子1：In Italy fingers are already being pointed: at the operator of the bridge, at the bridge’s designer, at politicians at home and abroad.
提炼出句型：In X fingers are already being pointed: at Y, at Z, at W.（不一定非得是三项，可以灵活使用。）
造句示范：
a) In China fingers are already being pointed: at parents, at schools, at students.（场景：学生的素质教育一直没有改善。）
b) In the US fingers are already being pointed: at the unreliable government and at greedy companies.（场景：Facebook 等技术公司频频泄露用户隐私。）
c) In downtown Shanghai fingers are already being pointed: at the hit-and-run driver and at the indifferent onlookers.（场景：肇事逃逸案。）
临摹句子2：Concrete, on which the Morandi bridge relied, has become the world’s most widely used building material.
提炼出句型：X has become the world’s most widely used Y.（提炼句型的时候可以有一定的灵活性。）
造句示范：
a) Facebook has become the world’s most widely used social media app.
b) Twitter has become the world’s most widely used micro-blogging app.
c) Aircrafts have become the world’s most widely used mode of transportation.（注意：由于主语变成了复数“aircrafts”，动词也要从“has”变为“have”。）
四、段落仿写
Version A:
In California fingers are already being pointed: at the lawmakers who are slow to respond to the worsening climate change, at consumers who consume excessively. But the wildfire that has taken more than two dozens of lives also carries a scary warning that stretches well beyond the state. Fires caused by extreme weather have become the world’s most widely reported news. From Japan to India, more people are dying, especially old citizens.
Version B:
In the US fingers are already being pointed: at Facebook's partner, at Facebook's executive team, at regulators. But the Facebook case also carries a warning that stretches well beyond the company. Privacy violation has troubled such companies as Twitter and Pinterest. It is no better in other countries where troves of data are gathered by local tech titans, say China and India.
In television industries fingers are already being pointed: at undiscerning audience, at costly stars, at forged Nielsen Ratings. But the hottest TV series in the past summer warned the market celebrity effect is no longer the key to hook the audience. Idols, who were the guarantee of the box office, became the biggest obstacles in market for their overdramatic acting skills and unreasonably high charging.
五、作业
在下方评论区完成练习作业：
1）参考第三部分的句型造句，造句时可以用中文写出具体的语境。
2）参考第四部分的段落仿写，写一段话。
说明：如果觉得这个作业太难，可以在仿写前先仔细阅读精选的段落和两个段落改写版本。如果实在觉得难以下笔，建议模仿第二部分段落解读，用中文解读 Version A 或 Version B，着重体会段落中句子之间的逻辑关系。
