原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/codelove/p/5236488.html
一、返回数据结构分析
1、数据示例：
{"menu":
{"button":[
{"type":"click","name":"今日歌曲","key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC","sub_button":[]},
{"type":"click","name":"歌手简介","key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER","sub_button":[]},
{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[
{"type":"view","name":"搜索","url":"http://www.soso.com/","sub_button":[]},
{"type":"view","name":"视频","url":"http://v.qq.com/","sub_button":[]},
{"type":"click","name":"赞一下我们","key":"V1001_GOOD","sub_button":[]}
]}
]}
}
2、数据分析：
图1-1微信自定义菜单数据分析
3、解决方案：
public class MenuFull_RootButton
{
public string type { get; set; }
public string key { get; set; }
public string name { get; set; }
public string url { get; set; }
public string media_id { get; set; }
public List<MenuFull_RootButton> sub_button { get; set; }
}
二、序列化解决方案
1、定义接口方法：
/// <summary>
/// 自定义菜单接口
/// http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/10/0234e39a2025342c17a7d23595c6b40a.html
/// </summary>
public class MenuApi : ApiBase
{
const string APIName = "menu";
/// <summary>
/// 自定义菜单查询接口
/// https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
/// </summary>
/// <returns>菜单返回结果</returns>
public MenuGetApiResultModel Get()
{
//获取api请求url
var url = GetAccessApiUrl("get", APIName);
return Get<MenuGetApiResultModel>(url, new MenuButtonsCustomConverter());
}
}
重点是：MenuGetApiResultModel和MenuButtonsCustomConverter
注意：ApiBase和Get的封装请暂时忽略。Get在这里只是用于发起Get请求并且序列化JSON而已，其定义如下：
/// <summary>
/// GET提交请求，返回ApiResult对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">ApiResult对象</typeparam>
/// <param name="url">请求地址</param>
/// <param name="jsonConverts">Json转换器</param>
/// <returns>ApiResult对象</returns>
protected T Get<T>(string url, params JsonConverter[] jsonConverts) where T : ApiResult
2、定义JSON模型：
1）定义根
/// <summary>
/// 菜单返回结果
/// </summary>
public class MenuGetApiResultModel : ApiResult
{
[JsonProperty("menu")]
public MenuInfo Menu { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 菜单信息
/// </summary>
public class MenuInfo
{
[JsonProperty("button")]
public List<MenuButtonBase> Button { get; set; }
}
2）定义菜单类型：
/// <summary>
/// 菜单类型
/// </summary>
public enum MenuButtonTypes
{
/// <summary>
/// 点击推事件
/// </summary>
click = 1,
/// <summary>
/// 跳转URL
/// </summary>
view = 2,
/// <summary>
/// 扫码推事件
/// </summary>
scancode_push = 3,
/// <summary>
/// 扫码推事件且弹出“消息接收中”提示框
/// </summary>
scancode_waitmsg = 4,
/// <summary>
/// 弹出系统拍照发图
/// </summary>
pic_sysphoto = 5,
/// <summary>
/// 弹出拍照或者相册发图
/// </summary>
pic_photo_or_album = 6,
/// <summary>
/// 弹出微信相册发图器
/// </summary>
pic_weixin = 7,
/// <summary>
/// 弹出地理位置选择器
/// </summary>
location_select = 8,
/// <summary>
/// 下发消息（除文本消息）
/// </summary>
media_id = 9,
/// <summary>
/// 跳转图文消息URL
/// </summary>
view_limited = 10
}
3）定义菜单基类：
/// <summary>
/// 菜单按钮基类
/// </summary>
public class MenuButtonBase
{
/// <summary>
/// 菜单标题，不超过16个字节，子菜单不超过40个字节
/// </summary>
[MaxLength(20)]
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "name", Required = Required.Always)]
public virtual string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 菜单类型（菜单的响应动作类型）
/// </summary>
[JsonConverter(typeof(StringEnumConverter))]
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "type")]
public MenuButtonTypes Type { get; set; }
}
注意：
JsonProperty：用于指定属性
JsonConverter：用于设置转换器，这里使用了StringEnumConverter，用于将字符串转换为相应的枚举类型。
MaxLength 目前没有意义
4）定义按钮：
/// <summary>
/// 子菜单按钮
/// </summary>
public class SubMenuButton : MenuButtonBase
{
/// <summary>
/// 菜单标题，不超过16个字节，子菜单不超过40个字节
/// </summary>
[MaxLength(8)]
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "name", Required = Required.Always)]
public override string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 子菜单（二级菜单数组，个数应为1~5个）
/// </summary>
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "sub_button")]
public List<MenuButtonBase> SubButtons { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Click按钮（点击推事件）
/// 用户点击click类型按钮后，微信服务器会通过消息接口推送消息类型为event的结构给开发者（参考消息接口指南），并且带上按钮中开发者填写的key值，开发者可以通过自定义的key值与用户进行交互；
/// </summary>
public class ClickButton : MenuButtonBase
{
public ClickButton()
{
this.Type = MenuButtonTypes.click;
}
/// <summary>
/// 菜单KEY值，用于消息接口推送，不超过128字节
/// </summary>
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "key", Required = Required.Always)]
public string Key { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 下发消息（除文本消息）
/// 用户点击media_id类型按钮后，微信服务器会将开发者填写的永久素材id对应的素材下发给用户，永久素材类型可以是图片、音频、视频、图文消息。请注意：永久素材id必须是在“素材管理/新增永久素材”接口上传后获得的合法id。
/// </summary>
public class MediaIdButton : MenuButtonBase
{
public MediaIdButton()
{
this.Type = MenuButtonTypes.media_id;
}
/// <summary>
/// 调用新增永久素材接口返回的合法media_id
/// </summary>
[JsonProperty(PropertyName = "media_id", Required = Required.Always)]
public string MediaId { get; set; }
}
/// 其他按钮封装省略
5）定义自定义对象创建转换器（CustomCreationConverter）:
图2-1自定义对象转换器源码分析
从源码中我们可以看出，Create方法必须实现，除此之外，因为我们的目的是为了解析微信返回的消息，只需要实现ReadJson方法即可（当然实现CanConvert方法能让代码更严谨）。
/// <summary>
/// 菜单按钮自定义对象创建转换器
/// 根据菜单类型自定义创建
/// </summary>
public class MenuButtonsCustomConverter : CustomCreationConverter<MenuButtonBase>
{
/// <summary>
/// 读取目标对象的JSON表示
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reader">JsonReader</param>
/// <param name="objectType">对象类型</param>
/// <param name="existingValue"></param>
/// <param name="serializer"></param>
/// <returns>对象</returns>
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null) return null;
var jObject = JObject.Load(reader);
MenuButtonBase target = default(MenuButtonBase);
//获取type属性
var type = jObject.Property("type");
if (type != null && type.Count > 0)
{
var typeValue = type.Value.ToString();
var menuButtonType = (MenuButtonTypes)Enum.Parse(typeof(MenuButtonTypes), typeValue);
#region 根据类型返回相应菜单类型
switch (menuButtonType)
{
case MenuButtonTypes.click:
target = new ClickButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.view:
target = new ViewButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.scancode_push:
target = new ScancodePushButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.scancode_waitmsg:
target = new ScancodeWaitmsgButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.pic_sysphoto:
target = new PicSysphotoButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.pic_photo_or_album:
target = new PicPhotoOrAlbumButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.pic_weixin:
target = new PicWeixinButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.location_select:
target = new LocationSelectButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.media_id:
target = new MediaIdButton();
break;
case MenuButtonTypes.view_limited:
target = new ViewLimitedButton();
break;
default:
throw new NotSupportedException("不支持此类型的菜单按钮：" + menuButtonType);
}
#endregion
}
else
{
target = new SubMenuButton();
}
serializer.Populate(jObject.CreateReader(), target);
return target;
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建对象（会被填充）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="objectType">对象类型</param>
/// <returns>对象</returns>
public override MenuButtonBase Create(Type objectType)
{
return new SubMenuButton();
}
}
5）测试结果:
image.png
