和SpringMVC的第一次亲密接触

  • 在网上看到不少关于SpringMVC的文章，真心感觉，网上基本上都写的很烂，绕了我不少圈子。 现在,后台技术已经从ssh时代进入了ssm时代，在加上ide的maven进行项目管理。后台开发到今天已经进入了崭新的时代。
1.新建一个springmvc项目,然后修改pom.xml文件：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.barving</groupId>
  <artifactId>demo3</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>demo3 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 1.日志 -->
    <!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
      <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 2.数据库 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.37</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- DAO: MyBatis -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 3.Servlet web -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 4.Spring -->
    <!-- 1)Spring核心 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 2)Spring DAO层 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 3)Spring web -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 4)Spring test -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- redis客户端:Jedis -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
      <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
      <version>2.7.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
      <artifactId>protostuff-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.0.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId>
      <artifactId>protostuff-runtime</artifactId>
      <version>1.0.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Map工具类 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
      <version>3.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>demo3</finalName>
  </build>
</project>
2.修改web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1" metadata-complete="true">
  <!-- 如果是用mvn命令生成的xml，需要修改servlet版本为3.1 -->
  <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件
        spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-web.xml
        Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc
     -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.在res/resources文件下，创建mybatis-config.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<!--
1.使用自增主键
2.使用列别名
3.开启驼峰命名转换 create_time -> createTime
-->
<configuration>
    <!-- 配置全局属性 -->
    <settings>
        <!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 -->
        <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" />

        <!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true -->
        <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" />

        <!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} -->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
    </settings>
</configuration>
4.在res/resources/spring文件下:

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
1.读入数据库连接相关参数（可选）
2.配置数据连接池
3.配置连接属性，可以不读配置项文件直接在这里写死
4.配置c3p0，只配了几个常用的
5.配置SqlSessionFactory对象（mybatis）
6.扫描dao层接口，动态实现dao接口，也就是说不需要daoImpl，sql和参数都写在xml文件上
-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 -->
    <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" />
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10" />
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" />
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000" />
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
        <!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.barving.entity" />
        <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.barving.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
1.扫描service包所有注解 @Service
2.配置事务管理器，把事务管理交由spring来完成
3.配置基于注解的声明式事务，可以直接在方法上@Transaction
-->

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.barving.service" />

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

spring-web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
1.开启SpringMVC注解模式，可以使用@RequestMapping，@PathVariable，@ResponseBody等
2.对静态资源处理，如js，css，jpg等
3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver，例如在controller中某个方法返回一个string类型的"login"，实际上会返回"/WEB-INF/login.jsp"
4.扫描web层 @Controller
-->

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
    <!-- 简化配置：
        (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
        (2)提供一些列：数据绑定，数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持
    -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置
        (1)加入对静态资源的处理：js,gif,png
        (2)允许使用"/"做整体映射
     -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.barving.web" />
</beans>
4.在resourcs包下创建jdbc.properties文件：
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
5.在resourcs/mapper包下创建BookDaoImpl.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.barving.dao.BookDao">
    <!-- 目的：为dao接口方法提供sql语句配置 -->
    <select id="queryById" resultType="Book" parameterType="long">
        <!-- 具体的sql -->
        SELECT
        book_id,
        name,
        number
        FROM
        book
        WHERE
        book_id = #{bookId}
    </select>

    <select id="queryAll" resultType="Book">
        SELECT
        book_id,
        name,
        number
        FROM
        book
        ORDER BY
        book_id
        LIMIT #{offset}, #{limit}
    </select>

    <update id="reduceNumber">
        UPDATE book
        SET number = number - 1
        WHERE
        book_id = #{bookId}
        AND number > 0
    </update>
</mapper>
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