何谓观心?我来一步步深入探究。请不要心存期待,希望最终能得到一份“观心秘笈”之类的完整描述。此刻,我们所做的,其实就是观心。
现在,你必须觉知自己的思维心,而不是试图化解思维心(thinker)与念头(thought)之间的二元对立,企图将二者整合为一。思维心,是你的精神人格,承载了你的人生经验与知识积累;思维心,被时间所桎梏,是我执中心,是不断变化的环境影响力的产物。思维心从自我中心出发,进而审视、倾听、体验。只要你尚未理解自我中心的框架与构造,则必然产生冲突;心一旦陷入冲突,就领会不了观心的深邃与美妙。
观心时,不能动用思维心,这意味着念头必须止息,因为念头是被欲望所驱使,以追逐某种结果。观心,与追逐结果毫不相关,也不是按照特别法门去调息,或观鼻,或唤醒能量、表演什么戏法,或任何幼稚荒诞的玩意儿。观心,绝非远离日常生活。当你驾车或搭巴士时,当你随意闲谈时,当你在森林里独自漫步,或者观察蝴蝶随风飞舞时,你若能全然地观照而不加拣择,这就是观心。
——克里希那穆提《生命书:365观心日课》(The Book of Life: Daily Meditations with Krishnamurti)
按:
Meditation是梵语dhyāna的英文意译,而梵语dhyāna的汉语音译就是“禅那”或“禅”。近十几年当代华文世界将meditation译作“冥想”。为了规避流行的误解,我将克笔下的meditation折中译作“观心”。
thinker/thought,接近佛家的“能思”和“所思”。具体而言,thought(所思)就是所谓的心头杂念,thinker(能思)就是试图制伏杂念、回归清净的那个专念。心头的妄念此起彼伏,如海浪般难以止息,另一方面,自心的愿力又试图制伏、扫除妄念,二者如同拉锯战,难以停息,这就是文中所言的二元对立。纵然你练成了“能断百思想”的“卧轮”功夫,也可能是自欺的假相。
按照K,妄念与试图制伏妄念的那个愿望,实际上是一个东西,只是你自己陷入了二元分别,把它当成了难以调和的二极。所以这场对立,实际上是自己左手与右手的角力,纵然拚却全部气力,也是离清静心更远。当你看清了这一真相,二元对立才可能平息,归于“能所双泯”。
Meditation
I am going step-by-step into what meditation is. Please don’t wait till the end, hoping to have a complete description of how to meditate. What we are doing now is part of meditation.
Now, what one has to do is to be aware of the thinker, and not try to resolve the contradiction and bring about an integration between thought and the thinker. The thinker is the psychological entity who has accumulated experience as knowledge; he is the time-bound center that is the result of everchanging environmental influence, and from this center he looks, he listens, he experiences. As long as one does not understand the structure and the anatomy of this center, there must always be conflict, and a mind in conflict cannot possibly understand the depth and the beauty of meditation.
In meditation there can be no thinker, which means that thought must come to an end—the thought that is urged forward by the desire to achieve a result. Meditation has nothing to do with achieving a result. It is not a matter of breathing in a particular way, or looking at your nose, or awakening the power to perform certain tricks, or any of the rest of that immature nonsense…. Meditation is not something apart from life. When you are driving a car or sitting in a bus, when you are chatting aimlessly, when you are walking by yourself in a wood or watching a butterfly being carried along by the wind—to be choicelessly aware of all that is part of meditation.
DECEMBER 23