写在前面
Hi，我是新海，一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读，于是萌生了一个翻译计划，准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读，通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词，短语以及语法，更深刻理解考研阅读。
下面是我的第5篇，所有中文释义，均是由本人整理翻译，当然也有不够完善的地方，欢迎大家评论补充。
In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international.
在古代希腊，体育节很重要，有很强的宗教联系。奥林匹亚运动节每四年举行一次，以纪念奥林匹亚诸神之王宙斯，最终失去了它的地方特色，成为第一个全国性的活动，然后，在对外国竞争者的规则被废除之后，成为国际性的。
- athletic运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的; 行动敏捷的
- festivals节日( festival的名词复数 ); 节期; 会演
- associations联系; 协会( association的名词复数 ); 联合; 联想
- Olympian<主美>奥运会选手; 奥林匹克运动会的
- in honor of为了向…表示敬意
- Zeus<希神>宙斯
- Gods上帝; <非正>最高层楼座; 神( god的名词复数 )
- and then进而; 于是，然后
- competitors对手; 参赛者; 竞争者( competitor的名词复数 ); 竞赛者
- abolished废除的; 废除，废止( abolish的过去式和过去分词 )
No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy’s gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.
没有人确切地知道奥林匹克运动会要追溯到多远，但是一些官方记录可以追溯到公元前776年。奥运会在八月份在奥林匹斯山的平原上举行。成千上万的观众聚集在希腊各地，但没有一个已婚妇女入场，甚至是旁观者。奴隶、妇女和不名誉的人是不允许竞争的。比赛的确切顺序不确定，但项目包括男孩的体操、拳击、摔跤、赛马和田径项目，尽管比现代奥运会涉及的体育项目少。
- No one knows没有人知道
- Olympic Games奥运会
- date from始于
- place in相信; 任命…担任; 把…放入; 使处于
- thousands of数千的
- parts of部分
- married woman有夫之妇; 妇人; 婆子
- exact sequence恰当系列
- horse racing赛马
- field events田赛; 田赛( field event的名词复数 )
On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.
在比赛的最后一天，所有获奖者都被授予了一个神圣的橄榄叶戒指放在他们的头上。这项殊荣真是太棒了，赛跑的获胜者把他的名字命名为他获胜的一年。虽然奥运会获奖者没有得到奖金，但事实上，他们得到了国家当局的丰厚回报。他们的结果与现代标准相比，不幸的是，我们没有办法告诉他们。
- last day最后审判日; 头天
- honored光荣的：荣幸的; 尊敬，给以荣誉( honor的过去式和过去分词 )
- foot race竞走
- Olympic奥林匹斯山的，奥林匹亚的；奥林匹克的; 奥林匹克运动会比赛项目
- prize money捕获赏金
- in fact事实上; 实际上，其实; 实则; 说起来
- richly丰富地; 富裕地; 完全地
- rewarded酬谢，奖赏( reward的过去式和过去分词 )
- authorities当局，权力，权威; 权威( authority的名词复数 ); 权力; 学术权威; 当权者
- compared with与…比较，与…相比
After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.
在经历了将近1200年的不间断的历史之后，罗马人于公元394年暂停了奥运会。由于人们相信奥林匹克背后的哲学：健康的身体能产生健康的心灵，而竞赛的精神又充满活力，所以奥运会延续了这么长时间。RTS和游戏比引起战争的竞争更为可取。1896年前在Athens举行了另一次这样的国际体育盛会，已经过去1500年了。
- uninterrupted不间断的，连续的; 未受干扰的; 联绵
- Romans<罗马书>; 古罗马共和国或帝国的人( Roman的名词复数 ); 罗马市民; 天主教教徒
- a long time良久；半歇；多时；半晌
- healthy mind健康思想
- and that而且，并且
- the spirit幽魂
- preferable更好的，更可取的; 略胜一筹的
- another such再一个那样的人，同样的一个人
- place in相信; 任命…担任; 把…放入; 使处于
- Athens雅典
Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing courtiers pay their own athletes’ expenses.
现在，奥运会轮流在不同的国家举行。东道国提供巨大的设施，包括体育场、游泳池和生活住宿，但竞争朝臣们自己支付运动员的费用。
- Nowadays现在，当今; 当今，现在
- in turn依次; 转而; 轮流地; 相应地
- The host韩流怪吓
- stadium体育场; 运动场
- swimming pools游泳池( swimming pool的名词复数 )
- living accommodation居住[生活]舱室
- competing对抗的，竞争的; 相互矛盾的; 竞赛(compete的现在分词)
- courtiers侍臣，廷臣( courtier的名词复数 )
- athletes健儿; 运动员( athlete的名词复数 ); 体育家; 擅长运动的人
The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun’s rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.
奥运会从一个火炬的体育场开始，在奥林匹斯山上被太阳光照亮。它是由一连串的赛跑运动员带到体育场的。火炬象征着古希腊体育理想的延续，在整个奥运会期间一直燃烧到闭幕式。然而，著名的奥林匹克旗帜是一个现代概念：五环相连象征着参加奥运会的所有五大洲的统一。
- start with以…开始
- the arrival天袭
- a succession of一连串
- symbolized象征，作为…的象征( symbolize的过去式和过去分词 )
- ancient Greek古希腊
- closing ceremony闭幕典礼
- Olympic flag奥林匹克会旗
- symbolize象征; 用符号表现; 使用符号; 采用象征; 作为…的象征
- uniting团结; 联合，合并，统一( unite的现在分词 ); 联合，联手，团结
- of all在所有…中
写在最后
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作者：新海
11月15日晨
