今天安装软件时，发生报错，经过查询，可能是之前安装过这个软件，但是不成功，部分文件下载一半就结束了。
软件在conda用不了时，可clean一下重新安装

conda install genometools-genometools
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

所以将这些下载了一半的软件删除即可。即将miniconda3文件中pkg文件夹内，对应的软件Zip包或tar.gz包删除，可以手动删除，也可命令删除

usage: conda clean [-h] [-a] [-i] [-p] [-t] [-f]
                   [-c TEMPFILES [TEMPFILES ...]] [-d] [--json] [-q] [-v] [-y]
Remove unused packages and caches.
Options:
optional arguments:
  -h, --help            Show this help message and exit.
Removal Targets:
  -a, --all             Remove index cache, lock files, unused cache packages,
                        and tarballs.
  -i, --index-cache     Remove index cache.
  -p, --packages        Remove unused packages from writable package caches.
                        WARNING: This does not check for packages installed
                        using symlinks back to the package cache.
  -t, --tarballs        Remove cached package tarballs.
  -f, --force-pkgs-dirs
                        Remove *all* writable package caches. This option is
                        not included with the --all flag. WARNING: This will
                        break environments with packages installed using
                        symlinks back to the package cache.
  -c TEMPFILES [TEMPFILES ...], --tempfiles TEMPFILES [TEMPFILES ...]
                        Remove temporary files that could not be deleted
                        earlier due to being in-use. Argument is path(s) to
                        prefix(es) where files should be found and removed.
Output, Prompt, and Flow Control Options:
  -d, --dry-run         Only display what would have been done.
  --json                Report all output as json. Suitable for using conda
                        programmatically.
  -q, --quiet           Do not display progress bar.
  -v, --verbose         Can be used multiple times. Once for INFO, twice for
                        DEBUG, three times for TRACE.
  -y, --yes             Do not ask for confirmation.
Examples:
    conda clean --tarballs

最后我用的是最彻底的conda clean -a
再重新安装即可!

分界线

conda更换镜像
现在使用conda安装软件太慢，有时甚至失败，最有效方法是修改镜像源为国内镜像源，推荐选用中科大镜像源。

conda config --show     #查看已经安装过的镜像源

查看配置项channels，如果显示带有tsinghua，则说明已安装过清华镜像。

conda config --remove channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/tensorflow/linux/cpu/   #删除清华镜像
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/      #添加 中科大镜像
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes    #设置搜索时显示通道地址
conda config --show                                      #确认是否安装成功