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SQLAlchemy批量插入性能比较

import time  
import sqlite3  
  
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base  
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String,  create_engine  
from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker  
  
Base = declarative_base()  
DBSession = scoped_session(sessionmaker())  
engine = None  
  
  
class Customer(Base):  
    __tablename__ = "customer"  
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)  
    name = Column(String(255))  
  
  
def init_sqlalchemy(dbname='sqlite:///sqlalchemy.db'):  
    global engine  
    engine = create_engine(dbname, echo=False)  
    DBSession.remove()  
    DBSession.configure(bind=engine, autoflush=False, expire_on_commit=False)  
    Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)  
    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)  
  
  
def test_sqlalchemy_orm(n=100000):  
    init_sqlalchemy()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    for i in xrange(n):  
        customer = Customer()  
        customer.name = 'NAME ' + str(i)  
        DBSession.add(customer)  
        if i % 1000 == 0:  
            DBSession.flush()  
    DBSession.commit()  
    print(  
        "SQLAlchemy ORM: Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " secs")  
  
  
def test_sqlalchemy_orm_pk_given(n=100000):  
    init_sqlalchemy()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    for i in xrange(n):  
        customer = Customer(id=i+1, name="NAME " + str(i))  
        DBSession.add(customer)  
        if i % 1000 == 0:  
            DBSession.flush()  
    DBSession.commit()  
    print(  
        "SQLAlchemy ORM pk given: Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " secs")  
  
  
def test_sqlalchemy_orm_bulk_save_objects(n=100000):  
    init_sqlalchemy()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    n1 = n  
    while n1 > 0:  
        n1 = n1 - 10000  
        DBSession.bulk_save_objects(  
            [  
                Customer(name="NAME " + str(i))  
                for i in xrange(min(10000, n1))  
            ]  
        )  
    DBSession.commit()  
    print(  
        "SQLAlchemy ORM bulk_save_objects(): Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " secs")  
  
def test_sqlalchemy_orm_bulk_insert(n=100000):  
    init_sqlalchemy()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    n1 = n  
    while n1 > 0:  
        DBSession.bulk_insert_mappings(  
            Customer,  
            [  
                dict(name="NAME " + str(i))  
                for i in xrange(min(10000, n1))  
            ]  
        )  
        n1 = n1 - 10000  
    DBSession.commit()  
    print(  
        "SQLAlchemy ORM bulk_insert_mappings(): Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " secs")  
  
def test_sqlalchemy_core(n=100000):  
    init_sqlalchemy()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    engine.execute(  
        Customer.__table__.insert(),  
        [{"name": 'NAME ' + str(i)} for i in xrange(n)]  
    )  ##==> engine.execute('insert into ttable (name) values ("NAME"), ("NAME2")')  
    print(  
        "SQLAlchemy Core: Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " secs")  
  
  
def init_sqlite3(dbname):  
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbname)  
    c = conn.cursor()  
    c.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customer")  
    c.execute(  
        "CREATE TABLE customer (id INTEGER NOT NULL, "  
        "name VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY(id))")  
    conn.commit()  
    return conn  
  
  
def test_sqlite3(n=100000, dbname='sqlite3.db'):  
    conn = init_sqlite3(dbname)  
    c = conn.cursor()  
    t0 = time.time()  
    for i in xrange(n):  
        row = ('NAME ' + str(i),)  
        c.execute("INSERT INTO customer (name) VALUES (?)", row)  
    conn.commit()  
    print(  
        "sqlite3: Total time for " + str(n) +  
        " records " + str(time.time() - t0) + " sec")  
  
if __name__ == '__main__':  
    test_sqlalchemy_orm(100000)  
    test_sqlalchemy_orm_pk_given(100000)  
    test_sqlalchemy_orm_bulk_save_objects(100000)  
    test_sqlalchemy_orm_bulk_insert(100000)  
    test_sqlalchemy_core(100000)  
    test_sqlite3(100000)  

上面代码分别使用了orm， orm带主键，orm的bulk_save_objects, orm的bulk_insert_mappings, 非orm形式，原生的dbapi方式；插入10000条记录的结果如下：

SQLAlchemy ORM: Total time for 100000 records 7.2070479393 secs  
SQLAlchemy ORM pk given: Total time for 100000 records 4.28471207619 secs  
SQLAlchemy ORM bulk_save_objects(): Total time for 100000 records 1.58296084404 secs  
SQLAlchemy ORM bulk_insert_mappings(): Total time for 100000 records 0.453973054886 secs  
SQLAlchemy Core: Total time for 100000 records 0.210998058319 secs  
sqlite3: Total time for 100000 records 0.136252880096 sec