本翻译原文出自《Beyond Feelings：A Guide to Critical Thinking》.
原版电子全书链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dFoS2BJ
提取密码：uee6
之所以翻译the role of mass culture（主流文化的影响）一段，是因为现在这个时代，离开各类媒体生活是不可能的，而各类媒体对我们的潜移默化地影响真是太大，大到可怕。拿hao123网址 来说（流氓网站，绑架我浏览器）下图是16年12月22日19点时的页面，红色框中的部分哪一个不是以标题吸引注意力，然后引诱你点进去，收割你宝贵的时间？这些内容是否真的与你的生活相关我不知道，可以确定的是看多了这些一惊一乍内容的人肯定理性不了，继而也无法有较完整的逻辑。
主流媒体不停息地、坚决地吸引着我们的注意力，有时甚至用低俗地内容博人眼球，为的只是当我们注意力被吸引控制无法正确思考时，使我们被动植入他们希望植入的价值观，比如享乐主义、拜金主义、物质主义，这些主义推动着我们不由自主地去消费很多没有必要的东西，这是商家们喜闻乐见的，但这些主义对个人的发展有着致命打击，人最大的弱点就是永不满足的追求享乐，一旦开启这个潘多拉的魔盒，便一发不可收拾。
最后我不得不承认看原版书的必要性。在翻译的过程中有些是不便直译的，所以会加上自己的意译，但这一部分意译是每个翻译人都不同的地方，必然会造成和原著的区别，即使再小心还是会免不了曲解作者原意。但还是要感谢辛苦工作的翻译人员，虽然以后我享用他人翻译的成果会越来越少。
In centuries past, the influence of familyand teachers was the dominant, and sometimes the only, influence on children.Today, however, the influence exerted by mass culture (but broadcast media,newspapers, magazines and popular music) is often greater.
在曾经漫长的岁月里，家庭和老师对孩子的影响几乎是决定性的。但是，如今这样决定性的影响正在被主流文化所取代，其中电台、报纸、杂志和流行音乐影响更大。
By age eighteen the average teenager hasspent 11,000 hours in the classroom and 22,000 hours in front of the televisionset. He or she has done perhaps 13,000 school lessons, yet has watched morethan 750,000 commercials.
18岁左右的青少年在课堂的时间是一万一千小时，在电视机前花费的时间是两万两千小时。他（她）可能上过了一万三千堂课，但是却看了超过七十五万则广告。
What effects does mass culture have onyoung people (and many adults, as well)? To answer, we need only consider theformats and devices commonly used. Modern advertising typically bombards thepublic with slogans and testimonials by celebrities. This approach is designedto appeal to emotions and create artificial needs for products and services. Asa result, many people develop the habit of responding emotionally, impulsively,and gullibly to such appeals.
主流文化影响了青少年还有成人们什么？为了回答这个问题，我们只需要思考主流文化常见的形式和花招。现代广告常用口号和明星光环来震撼大众。这些手段被设计出来吸引感官，创造你确实需要这样商品或服务的假象。在这样的影响下，很多人对于诱惑养成了过于情绪化、夸张且不假思索地反映。
Television programmers use frequent sceneshifts and sensory appeals such as car crashes, violence, and sexual encountersto keep audience interest from diminishing. Then they add frequent commercialinterruptions. As a result, many people find it difficult to concentrate inschool or at work. They may think the teacher or the job is boring when, infact, mass culture has made them impatient with the normal rhythms of life.
电视节目使用车祸、暴力、挑逗等快速移动和具有感官诱惑的场景牢牢抓住观众的兴趣，然后在这些场景中频繁植入广告。（看多了这些极具感官诱惑的场景），很多人发现他们很难再集中于自己的学习和工作。他们可能认为老师讲的或者工作是无聊的，这其实是主流文化让他们对日常生活应有的节奏失去了兴趣。
Finally, mass culture promotes values thatoppose those held by most parents. Play is presented as more fulfilling thanwork, self-gratification more desirable than self-control, and materialism moremeaningful than idealism. People who adopt these values without questioningthem may end up sacrificing worthy goals to their pursuit of "a goodtime" and lots of money.
最终主流媒体创造了与前人相反的价值观：玩比工作更愉快，自我放纵比自我控制更令人满足，还有比起理想主义拜金主义更有意义。不加思考而接受这些价值观的人会以时间和金钱来付出惨痛的代价。
