• Try to enable restricted & universe repositories.

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo add-apt-repository restricted
2- Make an OS update :

sudo apt update
3- Install software-properties

sudo apt install software-properties-common
4- Add Deadsnakes repo :

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa

5- Cleanup the packages database :

sudo apt-get autoclean
6- Resolve depedencies problems :

sudo apt-get -f install
7- Install your package :

sudo apt-get install python3-dev