tomcat安装遇到的问题

tomcat安装问题说明

1、tomcat8版本启动，如报以下错误：

28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.679 严重 [Catalina-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:931)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:850)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1412)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1402)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to complete the scan for annotations for web application [/webins] due to a StackOverflowError. Possible root causes include a too low setting for -Xss and illegal cyclic inheritance dependencies. The class hierarchy being processed was [org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorOrSelfAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator]
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.checkHandlesTypes(ContextConfig.java:2116)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2054)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:2000)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1970)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1923)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processClasses(ContextConfig.java:1230)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1134)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:769)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5063)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 6 more
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.681 严重 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:931)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:258)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:770)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:688)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:353)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:493)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1412)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1402)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:942)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:850)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:931)
        ... 8 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to complete the scan for annotations for web application [/webins] due to a StackOverflowError. Possible root causes include a too low setting for -Xss and illegal cyclic inheritance dependencies. The class hierarchy being processed was [org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorOrSelfAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator]
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.checkHandlesTypes(ContextConfig.java:2116)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2054)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:2000)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1970)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1923)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processClasses(ContextConfig.java:1230)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1134)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:769)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5063)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 6 more
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.682 严重 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
    org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[-1]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:688)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:353)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:493)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:770)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 7 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 9 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:942)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:258)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 11 more
    Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:931)
        ... 13 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1412)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1402)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:942)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:850)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:931)
        ... 8 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
        ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to complete the scan for annotations for web application [/webins] due to a StackOverflowError. Possible root causes include a too low setting for -Xss and illegal cyclic inheritance dependencies. The class hierarchy being processed was [org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorOrSelfAxisIterator->org.jaxen.util.AncestorAxisIterator]
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.checkHandlesTypes(ContextConfig.java:2116)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2054)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:2000)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1970)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1923)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processClasses(ContextConfig.java:1230)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1134)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:769)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:299)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:94)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5063)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
        ... 6 more
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.683 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.pause Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.683 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.pause Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.683 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.stopInternal Stopping service [Catalina]
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.686 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.687 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
28-Aug-2019 16:10:07.689 警告 [main] org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResourcesImpl.cleanUp Failed to retrieve JNDI naming context for container [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/webins]] so no cleanup was performed for that container
    javax.naming.NamingException: No naming context bound to this class loader
        at org.apache.naming.ContextBindings.getClassLoader(ContextBindings.java:268)
        at org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResourcesImpl.cleanUp(NamingResourcesImpl.java:1019)
        at org.apache.catalina.deploy.NamingResourcesImpl.stopInternal(NamingResourcesImpl.java:1002)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:226)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.stopInternal(StandardContext.java:5417)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.stop(LifecycleBase.java:226)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:264)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.removeChild(ContainerBase.java:845)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.destroyInternal(ContainerBase.java:1031)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:296)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.removeChild(ContainerBase.java:845)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.destroyInternal(ContainerBase.java:1031)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:296)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:296)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:860)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:296)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:692)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:353)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:493)

解决方法：

在tomcat的安装目录下找到\conf\catalina.properties文件并打开，找到tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanFilter.jarsToSkip=\，修改为：

tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanFilter.jarsToSkip=\,*

2、tomcat配置指定版本的jdk

在tomcat安装目录下打开\bin\setclasspath.bat（Windows）或\bin\setclasspath.sh（Linux）文件，添加配置：export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80，export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80/jre，如下：

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80
export JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80/jre

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Set JAVA_HOME or JRE_HOME if not already set, ensure any provided settings
#  are valid and consistent with the selected start-up options and set up the
#  endorsed directory.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

3、Linux下若报以下错误，同时页面中验证码图片加载不出来

Exception in thread "http-nio-8084-exec-9" java.lang.InternalError: Can't connect to X11 window server using 'localhost:10.0' as the value of the DISPLAY variable.
    at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.initDisplay(Native Method)
    at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.access$200(X11GraphicsEnvironment.java:65)
    at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment$1.run(X11GraphicsEnvironment.java:110)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment.<clinit>(X11GraphicsEnvironment.java:74)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:195)
    at java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment.createGE(GraphicsEnvironment.java:102)
    at java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment(GraphicsEnvironment.java:81)
    at java.awt.image.BufferedImage.createGraphics(BufferedImage.java:1182)
    at java.awt.image.BufferedImage.getGraphics(BufferedImage.java:1172)
    at com.isoftstone.webins.common.Validate.createImage(Validate.java:77)
    at com.isoftstone.webins.common.Validate.doGet(Validate.java:60)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:96)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:75)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:528)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:678)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:798)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:810)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1498)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)