@Profile
JVM选项
-Dspring.profiles.active=highschool

源代码 chapter04/profiles

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4;

public class Food {
    private String name;

    public Food() {
    }

    public Food(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4;

import java.util.List;

public interface FoodProviderService {
    List<Food> provideLunchSet();
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4.highschool;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.Food;
import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.FoodProviderService;

public class FoodProviderServiceImpl implements FoodProviderService {
    @Override
    public List<Food> provideLunchSet() {
        List<Food> lunchSet = new ArrayList<>();
        lunchSet.add(new Food("Coke"));
        lunchSet.add(new Food("Hamburger"));
        lunchSet.add(new Food("French Fries"));

        return lunchSet;
    }
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4.kindergarten;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.Food;
import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.FoodProviderService;

public class FoodProviderServiceImpl implements FoodProviderService {
    @Override
    public List<Food> provideLunchSet() {
        List<Food> lunchSet = new ArrayList<>();
        lunchSet.add(new Food("Milk"));
        lunchSet.add(new Food("Biscuits"));

        return lunchSet;
    }
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4.config;

import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.FoodProviderService;
import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.highschool.FoodProviderServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

/**
 * Created by iuliana.cosmina on 3/18/17.
 */
@Configuration
@Profile("highschool")
public class HighschoolConfig {

    @Bean
    public FoodProviderService foodProviderService(){
        return new FoodProviderServiceImpl();
    }
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4.config;

import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.FoodProviderService;
import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.kindergarten.FoodProviderServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;

/**
 * Created by iuliana.cosmina on 3/18/17.
 */
@Configuration
@Profile("kindergarten")
public class KindergartenConfig {

    @Bean
    public FoodProviderService foodProviderService(){
        return new FoodProviderServiceImpl();
    }
}

package com.apress.prospring5.ch4.config;

import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.Food;
import com.apress.prospring5.ch4.FoodProviderService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by iuliana.cosmina on 3/18/17.
 */
public class ProfileJavaConfigExample {

    public static void main(String... args) {
        GenericApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(
                KindergartenConfig.class,
                HighschoolConfig.class);

        FoodProviderService foodProviderService =
                ctx.getBean("foodProviderService", FoodProviderService.class);

        List<Food> lunchSet = foodProviderService.provideLunchSet();
        for (Food food : lunchSet) {
            System.out.println("Food: " + food.getName());
        }
        ctx.close();
    }
}

执行结果

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'foodProviderService' available
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:685)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1209)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:204)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1093)
    at com.apress.prospring5.ch4.config.ProfileJavaConfigExample.main(ProfileJavaConfigExample.java:21)

Process finished with exit code 1

设置spring的profile
-Dspring.profiles.active=highschool
执行结果

Food: Coke
Food: Hamburger
Food: French Fries

-Dspring.profiles.active=kindergarten
执行结果

Food: Milk
Food: Biscuits