基于redis分布式并发锁的实现理论原理：
https://github.com/huangz1990/redis/commit/18dbaee4f40f435970a09da427b8f45bd26b4072#diff-b643df753e12d0d07a872f91487c957dR34

主要概念：
1、如何争锁
2、锁的表达方式
3、避免死锁
4、死锁过期

网上找了一些资料：针对redisTemplate 实现的，但是在试用过的过程中也遇到了一些坑：

public interface DistributionLock {
    //加锁成功 返回加锁时间
     Long lock(String lockKey, String threadname);

    //解锁 需要更加加锁时间判断是否有权限
     void unlock(String lockKey, Long lockvalue, String threadname);
}

public class RedisDistributionLock implements DistributionLock{

    private static final long LOCK_TIMEOUT = 10 * 1000; //加锁超时时间 单位毫秒  意味着加锁期间内执行完操作 如果未完成会有并发现象
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisDistributionLock.class); //redis锁日志

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("redisTemplateSerializable")
    private  RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable> redisTemplate;
  //如果遇到多个RedisTemplate可以根据名字进行注入
    @Resource(name = "redisTemplateString")
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplateString;
    /**
     * 取到锁加锁 取不到锁一直等待直到获得锁
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized Long lock(final String lockKey, String threadname) {
        LOG.info(threadname + "开始执行加锁");
        while (true) { //循环获取锁
            final Long lock_timeout = System.currentTimeMillis() + LOCK_TIMEOUT + 1; //锁时间
            if (redisTemplate.execute(new RedisCallback<Boolean>() {
                @Override
                public Boolean doInRedis(RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException {
                    JdkSerializationRedisSerializer jdkSerializer = new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer();
                    byte[] value = jdkSerializer.serialize(lock_timeout);
                    return connection.setNX(lockKey.getBytes(), value);
                }
            })) { //如果加锁成功
                LOG.info(threadname + "---加锁成功---lockKey:{},lock_timeout:{}",lockKey,lock_timeout);
                redisTemplate.expire(lockKey, LOCK_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); //设置超时时间，释放内存
                return lock_timeout;
            }else {
                Long currt_lock_timeout_Str =
                        (Long) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(lockKey); // redis里的时间
                if (currt_lock_timeout_Str != null && currt_lock_timeout_Str < System.currentTimeMillis()) { //锁已经失效
                    // 判断是否为空，不为空的情况下，说明已经失效，如果被其他线程设置了值，则第二个条件判断是无法执行
                    Long old_lock_timeout_Str = (Long) redisTemplate.opsForValue().getAndSet(lockKey, lock_timeout);
                    // 获取上一个锁到期时间，并设置现在的锁到期时间
                    if (old_lock_timeout_Str != null && old_lock_timeout_Str.equals(currt_lock_timeout_Str)) {
                        // 如过这个时候，多个线程恰好都到了这里，但是只有一个线程的设置值和当前值相同，他才有权利获取锁
                        LOG.info(threadname + "---加锁成功---lockKey:{},lock_timeout:{}",lockKey,lock_timeout);
                        redisTemplate.expire(lockKey, LOCK_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); //设置超时时间，释放内存
                        return lock_timeout;//返回加锁时间
                    }
                }
            }
            try {
                LOG.info(threadname +  "等待加锁，睡眠100毫秒");
                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);//睡眠100毫秒
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    public synchronized void unlock(String lockKey, Long lockvalue, String threadname) {
        Long currt_lock_timeout_Str = (Long) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(lockKey); // redis里的时间
        if (currt_lock_timeout_Str != null && currt_lock_timeout_Str .equals( lockvalue)) {//如果是加锁者 则删除锁 如果不是则等待自动过期 重新竞争加锁
            redisTemplate.delete(lockKey); //删除键
            LOG.info(threadname + "解锁成功:lockKey{},lockValue:{}",lockKey,lockvalue);
        }
    }

}

关键点：这里的集中序列化方式一定要配置，不然取不到值，调试了很久

@Bean("redisTemplateSerializable")
    RedisTemplate<Serializable,Serializable> redisTemplateSerializable(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable> template = new RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        /**
         * 添加属性
         */
        StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializernew =new StringRedisSerializer();
        template.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializernew);
        template.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializernew);
        JdkSerializationRedisSerializer jdkSerializationRedisSerializer =new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer();
        template.setValueSerializer(jdkSerializationRedisSerializer);
        template.setHashValueSerializer(jdkSerializationRedisSerializer);
        return template;
    }

测试代码：要注意的是：最好在外层加同步锁，否则会出现一种奇怪的现象，就是每次都是到锁过期才释放锁，抢先进入任务的线程，会被堵在释放锁的外面：

@RequestMapping(value = {"/redis/dist/test/{lockKey}"},method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void testDistLock(@PathVariable("lockKey") String lockKey1){
        AtomicBoolean isFinish = new AtomicBoolean(false);
        final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
        for(int i=0;i<1;i++){
            final String lockKey = lockKey1;
            new Thread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        lock.lockInterruptibly();
                        Long lockValue = redisDistributionLock.lock(lockKey,Thread.currentThread().getName());
                        System.out.println("获得锁："+lockValue);
                        System.out.println("执行任务......");
//                        redisDistributionLock.unlock(lockKey,lockValue,Thread.currentThread().getName());
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }finally {
                        lock.unlock();
                    }

                }
            }).start();
        }
    }