import numpy as np
type(np.array([1,2,3]))
numpy.ndarray
np.zeros((10,10),dtype='int16')
array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=int16)
arr=np.full((10,10),1)
ok=np.arange(10)
arr.ndim
#查看矩阵维度
2
arr.shape
#阶数
(10, 10)
ok.shape
(10,)
取值和赋值
#取值
arr[0][0]
1
arr=np.arange(100).reshape(10,10)
arr[0,4]
4
arr
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
[20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39],
[40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49],
[50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59],
[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69],
[70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79],
[80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]])
arr[0,1:-1]
array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
arr[0,1:-1:2]#步幅为2
array([1, 3, 5, 7])
arr[1:-1,1:-1]
array([[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18],
[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28],
[31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38],
[41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48],
[51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58],
[61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68],
[71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78],
[81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88]])
#arr[0,:]
#arr[-1,:]
#合并为
arr[[0,-1],:]
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]])
arr > 50
array([[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
False],
[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
False],
[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
False],
[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
False],
[False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False,
False],
[False, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,
True],
[ True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,
True],
[ True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,
True],
[ True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,
True],
[ True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True, True,
True]])
arr [arr > 50]
array([51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67,
68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84,
85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99])
计算
np.max(arr)
99
np.max(arr[0])
9
arr
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
[20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39],
[40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49],
[50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59],
[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69],
[70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79],
[80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99]])
np.max(arr,axis=0)#axis是坐标轴的意思,将所有值映射到y轴上
array([90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99])
np.apply_along_axis(lambda x:print((x[1]+x[3])*x[5]),arr=arr,axis=1)
20
360
1100
2240
3780
5720
8060
10800
13940
17480
array([None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None],
dtype=object)
arr2= np.arange(10)
arr2
array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
np.vstack([arr,arr2])#上下拼接
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
[20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29],
[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39],
[40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49],
[50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59],
[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69],
[70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79],
[80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99],
[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]])
arr3 = arr2.reshape(10,1)
arr3
array([[0],
[1],
[2],
[3],
[4],
[5],
[6],
[7],
[8],
[9]])
np.hstack([arr,arr3])
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0],
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 1],
[20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 2],
[30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 3],
[40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 4],
[50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 5],
[60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 6],
[70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 7],
[80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 8],
[90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 9]])
np.genfromtxt('1.txt',delimiter=',')
array([[1., 2., 3.],
[4., 5., 6.]])
np.savetxt('2.txt',arr,fmt='%d',delimiter=' ')