Listening
Bus Schedule
Here is a bus schedule at a bus stop.
It has the schedule for 3 buses between 8:00 and 9:30 in the morning.
Bus No.38 has a regular schedule.
regular 英-['regjʊlə]美-['rɛgjəlɚ]
释义 n. 常客；正式队员；中坚分子
adj. 定期的；有规律的；
It comes every 15 minutes.
8:10, 8:25, 8:40, 8:55, 9:10, 9:25.
Bus No.47 comes less often.
It comes at 8:20, 8:45 and 9:25.
Bus No.60 is the earliest bus.
It comes at 8:05, 8:30 and 9:00.
Bus No.38 has stops at the main train station and the airport.
Bus No.60 stops at the main train station, but doesn't go to the airport.
Bus No.47 doesn't go to either the main train station or the airport.
Earth & Seasons
This is our planet, Earth.
planet 英-['plænɪt]美-['plænɪt]
释义 n. 行星
It has the shape of a sphere, like a ball.
sphere 英-[sfɪə]美-[sfɪr]
释义 n. 范围；球体
The equator divides the Earth into two halves.
equator：英-[ɪ'kweɪtə]美-[ɪ'kwetɚ]
释义 n. 赤道赤道
halves 英-[hɑːvz]美-[hævz]
释义 n. 一学期；两等份（half的复数形式）
The northern half is the northern hemisphere.
hemisphere：半球 美-['hɛmɪsfɪr]
The southern half is the southern hemisphere.
Europe and Asia are both in the northern hemisphere.
Australia and a third of Africa are in the southern hemisphere.
africa 英-['æfrɪkə]美-[ˈæfrɪkə]
释义 n. 非洲
The Earth moves in two ways.
First, it spins, or rotates.
spins：自旋
rotates使旋转
It rotates around its axis.
axis：轴
The axis is a line through its center.
It takes the Earth 24 hours to complete a rotation.
That is the length of one day.
Second, the Earth travels around the Sun.
It takes about 365 days for the Earth to go around the Sun.
That is the length of one year.
Its average speed during the year is about 30 kilometers per second.
The Earth's axis is not perpendicular to the Sun.
perpendicular：垂直
The Earth's axis is tilted.
tilt：斜
It is tilted at an angle of around 23.5 degrees.
This tilt causes the seasons of the year.
cause原因
During part of the year, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun.
When the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it's summer.
When the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, it's winter.
This is why the seasons are opposite for the northern and southern hemispheres.
When it's summer in Australia, it's winter in Europe.
What would happen if the Earth's tilt were different than it is now?
If the Earth's tilt were larger, summers would be hotter.
If the Earth's tilt were smaller, summers would be cooler.
If the Earth had no tilt at all, there would be no seasons.
Therefore the angle of the tilt is very important for life in the Earth.
Therefore因此，所以
The Earth is 93 million miles from the Sun.
The Sun is at the center of our solar system.
solar system.太阳系
Our solar system has several planets which orbit around it.
orbit轨道
Our planet is the 3rd planet from the Sun.
If the Earth were closer to the Sun, our planet would be hotter.
If the Earth were farther from the Sun, our planet would be colder.
Therefore the distance between the Earth and the Sun is very important.
Vocabulary
Seasons
Winter is the coldest time of the year.
Winter nights are long and the days are short.
Summer is the hottest time of the year.
Summer nights are short and the days are long.
Spring comes after winter and before summer.
Spring is when trees turn green.
Autumn, or fall, comes after summer and before winter.
Autumn is when trees turn many colors and leaves fall to the ground.
Some countries have a rainy season.
In rainy season it rains almost every day.
Health Problems
This boy has a broken leg.
He can't walk without crutches.
crutch：拐杖 美-['krʌtʃiz]
释义 n. 拐杖，支撑物；叉状架（crutch复数）
网络：双拐,拐杖,叉状架
This girl has a sore throat.
sore：疼痛的 美-[sɔr]
释义
n. 溃疡，痛处；恨事，伤心事
adj. 疼痛的，
throat 美-[θrot]
释义
n. 喉咙；嗓子
She doesn't feel good because her throat hurts.
This girl is vomiting.
vomit：呕吐
vomiting
英-['vɔmitiŋ]美-['vɑmɪt]
释义
v. 呕吐（vomit的ing形式）
网络
呕吐,消化道反应,呕吐更易暴露疾病
She ate something bad so she is throwing up.
throwing up
释义
呕吐
This boy has a fever.
fever
英-['fiːvə]美-['fivɚ]
释义
n. 发烧，发热；狂热
His temperature is 39.5 degrees Celsius.
Celsius：摄氏度 英-['selsɪəs]美-['sɛlsɪəs]
This girl has a headache.
headache
英-['hedeɪk]美-[ˈhɛdˌek]
释义
n. 头痛；麻烦；令人头痛之事
She doesn't feel good because her head aches.
He broke his leg in a skiing accident.
skiing
英-['skiːɪŋ]美-['skiɪŋ]
释义
n. 滑雪运动；滑雪术
v. 滑雪（ski的ing形式）
She has a pain in the back of her head.
pain
英-[peɪn]美-[pen]
释义
n. 疼痛；努力
vt. 使…痛苦；使…烦恼
vi. 感到疼痛；引起疼痛
back
英-[bæk]美-[bæk]
释义
n. 后面；背部；靠背；足球等的后卫；书报等的末尾
adj. 后面的；过去的；拖欠的
vt. 支持；后退；背书；下赌注
adv. 以前；向后地；来回地；上溯；回来；回原处
he needs to drink plenty of liquids
Dialogue
Favorite Seasons
Tom：I really hate this cold winter weather.
Lisa：Really? I don't mind it. It's not so bad.
Tom：First, it's really cold. Second, I don't like the short days and the long nights. It's always dark.
Lisa：Sure, but it will be over soon. Spring is coming and warmer weather.
Tom：Yes, and longer days.
Lisa：What about summers? Do you like hot weather?
Tom：I don't like summer weather too.
Lisa：Is it too hot for you?
Tom：Yes, it's too hot. Every day is hot and humid. So I always feel tired and thirsty.
humid
英-['hjuːmɪd]美-['hjumɪd]
释义
adj. 潮湿的；湿润的；多湿气的
thirsty
英-['θɜːstɪ]美-['θɝsti]
释义
adj. 口渴的，口干的；渴望的，热望的
Lisa：Yeah, me too. I take a shower twice a day.
Lisa：So which is worse, summer or winter?
Tom：Good question. I guess I prefer winter. What about you?
Lisa：Well, I prefer winter too. I don't mind the long nights.
Lisa：Of course the best seasons are spring and autumn.
Tom：Which of those do you prefer?
Lisa：Within those two, I prefer autumn.
Tom：Why do you prefer autumn?
Lisa：I love it when the leaves turn different colors.
Tom：I agree with you. I guess autumn is my favorite season too.
Lisa：I was surprised, Tom. I thought you would prefer spring.
Tom：Why is that?
Lisa：Everything is young and new in spring, right?
Tom：Well, maybe I'll change my mind.
Bus Schedule
M：Excuse me, when is the next bus?
W：To where?
M：To the train station.
W：Let's look at the bus schedule.
M：Which bus goes to the train station?
W：Buses 38 and 60 both go to the train station.
M：It's 8:59 now. So I just missed the number 38.
W：Right. It came a few minutes ago. The next bus to the train station comes at 9:00.
M：Yes, I hope it isn't late. The traffic is heavy.
W：Oh, look, the number 60 is coming now, right on schedule.
M：Great, thanks for your help.
W：You're welcome. Have a good day.
M：You too.
