一、首先理解@Bean注解
1、@Bean表示方法产生一个由Spring管理的bean,属性的名称语义与Spring XML中的 标签配置的一样,源码如下:
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Bean {
@AliasFor("name")
String[] value() default {};
@AliasFor("value")
String[] name() default {};
@Deprecated
Autowire autowire() default Autowire.NO;
boolean autowireCandidate() default true;
String initMethod() default "";
String destroyMethod() default AbstractBeanDefinition.INFER_METHOD;
}
@Bean 用在方法上(此方法需要有返回值),表示可以通过编程手段自行对需要初始化的对象进行赋值。
例如:
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory)
{
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
FastJson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new FastJson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
template.setValueSerializer(serializer);
// 使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
2、IOC容器会扫描到有@Bean注解的方法,会将此方法的返回值作为一个bean管理起来,并会执行整个bean生命周期。
二、@Configuration注解
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
@AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
String value() default "";
boolean proxyBeanMethods() default true;
}
使用proxyBeanMethods的流程图如下,具体的可以阅读源码
void validate(ProblemReporter problemReporter) {
// A configuration class may not be final (CGLIB limitation) unless it declares proxyBeanMethods=false
Map<String, Object> attributes = this.metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(Configuration.class.getName());
if (attributes != null && (Boolean) attributes.get("proxyBeanMethods")) {
if (this.metadata.isFinal()) {
problemReporter.error(new FinalConfigurationProblem());
}
for (BeanMethod beanMethod : this.beanMethods) {
beanMethod.validate(problemReporter);
}
}
}
测试代码,可调整SpringConfig类上的proxyBeanMethods的值,观察输出结果
public class User {
String id;
String name;
public User(String id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class SpringConfig {
@Bean
public User myUser() {
User user = new User("1","green");
return user;
}
}
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages={"cn.hutool.extra.spring"})
public class MySpringApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySpringApplication.class,args);
User user1 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
User user2 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(user2);
SpringConfig config = SpringUtil.getBean(SpringConfig.class);
User user3 = config.myUser();
System.out.println(user3);
User user4 = SpringUtil.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println(user4);
}
}
最终结论:
1、配置类上有了proxyBeanMethods=false后,表示配置类不会被代理,可以提高容器的初始化性能。其差别,主要再使用@Bean的方法上
(1)proxyBeanMethods=true,会给config类生成代理对象,当直接调用方法时,不会生成新的对象,会从spring 容器中获取
(2)proxyBeanMethods=false,不会给config类生成代理对象,当直接调用方法时,会生成新的对象,
2、如果配置类中的方法没有调用关系,则可以把proxyBeanMethods 设置为 false。如果存在以下情况,则需要将proxyBeanMethods 设置为 true(如果是fasle,Idea中会提示编译报错)
@Bean
public User hisUser() {
// 内部调用
User yourUser = this.yourUser();
User hUser = new User("2","his");
hUser.setName(hUser.getName() + yourUser.getName());
return hisUser();
}
@Bean
public User yourUser() {
User user = new User("1","your");
return user;
}