docker官方安装文档：
https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/centos/

• 1.为docker增加一个新的yum配置文件

touch /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo 
#内容如下：
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0 #我把这里设置成了0、说明我信任了这个源，不对它的rpm进行检察
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-stable-source]
name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge]
name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-edge-source]
name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test]
name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

[docker-ce-test-source]
name=Docker CE Test - Sources
baseurl=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/source/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/gpg

• 2.安装docker

yum install docker-ce
system start docker
ps -ef | grep docker
docker run hello-world
看到如下文字：
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
78445dd45222: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
   executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
   to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://cloud.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

ps：

systemctl stop fireworld 关闭防火墙
run docker时遇到下载很慢，执行如下命令：
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json，写入如下
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
  ]
}
重启docker systemctl restart docker 再次run即可