压力不在于事情本身，而在于你对发生的事情的反应；压力，是你的朋友还是你的损友？在于你和压力如何相处。
首先，让我们来看三个小故事
在流行病等无法控制的情况下经历巨大压力更需要制定适当的应对策略。说服自己不值得担心现有问题（重新评估）可能是在这些不受控制的条件下有用的策略（Kalokerinos et al., 2015）。比如研究证明积极的情绪应对以及控制自我评估和与COVID-19相关的压力和恐惧成负相关（Ali et al., 2021）。对中国人群的研究也证明，在孤立人群中，重新评估对焦虑症状和感知压力之间的关系有负向调节作用（Xu et al., 2020）。在与COVID-19期间的男性相比，女性更有可能认为环境具有威胁性，而正因为此，与男性相比，女性在失控感和承受压力方面的得分更高（Bilal & Amir， 2021）。因此，我们可以推论在无法控制的情况下，重新评估可以让个人在不改变外部情况的情况下减轻压力。
References:
Aldwin, C. M., Revenson, T. A. (1987). Does coping help? A reexamination of the relation between coping and mental health. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 53(2): 337–348.
Baker, J. P., Berenbaum. H. (2007). Emotional approach and problem-focused coping: a comparison of potentially adaptive strategies. Cogn Emot, 21:95–118.
Bond, F. W., & Bunce, D. (2000). Mediators of change in emotion-focused and problem-focused worksite stress management interventions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 156–158.
Carstensen, L. L., Fung, H. H., Charles, S. T. (2003). Socioemotional selectivity theory and the regulation of emotion in second half of life. Motiv Emot, 27:103–123.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 455–480.
Drnovsek, M., Örtqvist, D., & Wincent, J. (2010). The effectiveness of coping strategies used by entrepreneurs and their impact on personal well-being and venture performance. Faculty of Economics, Journal of Economics and Business, 28(2), 193-220.
Elfering, A., Grebner, S., Semmer, N. K., Kaiser-Freiburghaus, D., Lauper-Del Ponte, S., & Witschi, I. (2011). Chronic job stressors and job control: Effects on event- related coping success and well-being. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78, 237-252.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
Lazarus, A. A. (1996). Behavior therapy & beyond. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Park, C. L., Sacco, S. J., & Edmondson, D. (2012). Expanding coping goodness-of-fit: Religious coping, health locus of control, and depressed affect in heart failure patients. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 25, 137-153.
Penley, J., Tomaka, J., Wiebe, J. (2002). The association of coping to physical and psychological health outcomes: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 25(6): 551-603.
Qamariyah, R. N. (2020). The effect of perceived stress on psychlogical well-being with problem-focused coping as a mediator among entrepreneurs of small and medium enterprises. Russian journal of agricultural and socio-economic sciences, 103 (7), p.149-153
Rook, K. S., Peplau, L. A. (1982) Perspectives on helping the lonely. In: Peplau LA, Perlman D (eds) Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy. Wiley, New York, pp 351-378
Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003). Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 216-224.
Sonika, S., & Kumar, R. (2019). Resilience, Psychological Well-being, and Coping Strategies in Medical Students. Indian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 16(2).
Thoits, P. A. (1995). Stress, coping, and social support processes: where are we? What next? J Health Soc Behav, 35:53-79.
American Psychiatric Association . (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
本文由“圆舞曲健康科技”整理编辑，转载请注明出处，若侵权请告知删除，谢谢！
