Evbuffer是用来充当缓存网络IO的缓存功能
创建销毁一个Evbuffer
struct evbuffer *evbuffer_new(void);
void evbuffer_free(struct evbuffer *buf);
Evbuffer和线程安全
int evbuffer_enable_locking(struct evbuffer *buf, void *lock);
void evbuffer_lock(struct evbuffer *buf);
void evbuffer_unlock(struct evbuffer *buf);
默认情况下，Evbuffer不是线程安全的。如果想让Evbuffer变得线程安全，可以用evbuffer_enable_locking，如果lock为NULL，则自动分配一个新锁。
size_t evbuffer_get_length(const struct evbuffer *buf);
返回存储的字节数
size_t evbuffer_get_contiguous_space(const struct evbuffer *buf);
evbuffer里的字节可能分布在内存中不同的块上，这个函数返回当前存储的第一个连续块上的字节数。
添加数据到evbuffer
int evbuffer_add(struct evbuffer *buf, const void *data, size_t datlen);
这个函数添加data里datlen字节的数据到buf的末尾。
int evbuffer_add_printf(struct evbuffer *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
int evbuffer_add_vprintf(struct evbuffer *buf, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
int evbuffer_expand(struct evbuffer *buf, size_t datlen);
这个函数将buf的在内存中的最后一个块转换为一个新块，让buf可以包含datlen大小的字节。
移动data从一个evbuffer到另一个
int evbuffer_add_buffer(struct evbuffer *dst, struct evbuffer *src);
int evbuffer_remove_buffer(struct evbuffer *src, struct evbuffer *dst,
size_t datlen);
移动data到另一个evbuffer的首部
int evbuffer_prepend(struct evbuffer *buf, const void *data, size_t size);
int evbuffer_prepend_buffer(struct evbuffer *dst, struct evbuffer* src);
对evbuffer内部进行重新布局
unsigned char *evbuffer_pullup(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_ssize_t size);
这个函数让buf里的前size字节复制或者移动确保他们是连续的线化且在同一个块上。如果size是负数，那这个函数线化整个buf，如果size比buffer还大，那么返回NULL。用很大的size值调用这个函数会执行的很慢。因为会有复制操作
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <string.h>
int parse_socks4(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_uint16_t *port, ev_uint32_t *addr)
{
/* Let's parse the start of a SOCKS4 request! The format is easy:
* 1 byte of version, 1 byte of command, 2 bytes destport, 4 bytes of
* destip. */
unsigned char *mem;
mem = evbuffer_pullup(buf, 8);
if (mem == NULL) {
/* Not enough data in the buffer */
return 0;
} else if (mem[0] != 4 || mem[1] != 1) {
/* Unrecognized protocol or command */
return -1;
} else {
memcpy(port, mem+2, 2);
memcpy(addr, mem+4, 4);
*port = ntohs(*port);
*addr = ntohl(*addr);
/* Actually remove the data from the buffer now that we know we
like it. */
evbuffer_drain(buf, 8);
return 1;
}
}
从一个evbuffer移动数据
int evbuffer_drain(struct evbuffer *buf, size_t len);
int evbuffer_remove(struct evbuffer *buf, void *data, size_t datlen);
从一个evbuffer中复制数据
ev_ssize_t evbuffer_copyout(struct evbuffer *buf, void *data, size_t datlen);
ev_ssize_t evbuffer_copyout_from(struct evbuffer *buf,
const struct evbuffer_ptr *pos,
void *data_out, size_t datlen);
例子：
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int get_record(struct evbuffer *buf, size_t *size_out, char **record_out)
{
/* Let's assume that we're speaking some protocol where records
contain a 4-byte size field in network order, followed by that
number of bytes. We will return 1 and set the 'out' fields if we
have a whole record, return 0 if the record isn't here yet, and
-1 on error. */
size_t buffer_len = evbuffer_get_length(buf);
ev_uint32_t record_len;
char *record;
if (buffer_len < 4)
return 0; /* The size field hasn't arrived. */
/* We use evbuffer_copyout here so that the size field will stay on
the buffer for now. */
evbuffer_copyout(buf, &record_len, 4);
/* Convert len_buf into host order. */
record_len = ntohl(record_len);
if (buffer_len < record_len + 4)
return 0; /* The record hasn't arrived */
/* Okay, _now_ we can remove the record. */
record = malloc(record_len);
if (record == NULL)
return -1;
evbuffer_drain(buf, 4);
evbuffer_remove(buf, record, record_len);
*record_out = record;
*size_out = record_len;
return 1;
}
在一个evbuffer里搜索
struct evbuffer_ptr {
ev_ssize_t pos;
struct {
/* internal fields */
} _internal;
};
struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search(struct evbuffer *buffer,
const char *what, size_t len, const struct evbuffer_ptr *start);
struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search_range(struct evbuffer *buffer,
const char *what, size_t len, const struct evbuffer_ptr *start,
const struct evbuffer_ptr *end);
struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search_eol(struct evbuffer *buffer,
struct evbuffer_ptr *start, size_t *eol_len_out,
enum evbuffer_eol_style eol_style);
例子：
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <string.h>
/* Count the total occurrences of 'str' in 'buf'. */
int count_instances(struct evbuffer *buf, const char *str)
{
size_t len = strlen(str);
int total = 0;
struct evbuffer_ptr p;
if (!len)
/* Don't try to count the occurrences of a 0-length string. */
return -1;
evbuffer_ptr_set(buf, &p, 0, EVBUFFER_PTR_SET);
while (1) {
p = evbuffer_search(buf, str, len, &p);
if (p.pos < 0)
break;
total++;
evbuffer_ptr_set(buf, &p, 1, EVBUFFER_PTR_ADD);
}
return total;
}
直接添加数据到一个evbuffer
int evbuffer_reserve_space(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_ssize_t size,
struct evbuffer_iovec *vec, int n_vecs);
int evbuffer_commit_space(struct evbuffer *buf,
struct evbuffer_iovec *vec, int n_vecs);
例子:
struct evbuffer_iovec v[2];
int n, i;
size_t n_to_add = 2048;
/* Reserve 2048 bytes.*/
n = evbuffer_reserve_space(buf, n_to_add, v, 2);
if (n<=0)
return; /* Unable to reserve the space for some reason. */
for (i=0; i<n && n_to_add > 0; ++i) {
size_t len = v[i].iov_len;
if (len > n_to_add) /* Don't write more than n_to_add bytes. */
len = n_to_add;
if (generate_data(v[i].iov_base, len) < 0) {
/* If there was a problem during data generation, we can just stop
here; no data will be committed to the buffer. */
return;
}
/* Set iov_len to the number of bytes we actually wrote, so we
don't commit too much. */
v[i].iov_len = len;
}
/* We commit the space here. Note that we give it 'i' (the number of
vectors we actually used) rather than 'n' (the number of vectors we
had available. */
if (evbuffer_commit_space(buf, v, i) < 0)
return; /* Error committing */
evbuffer的网络IO
int evbuffer_write(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd);
int evbuffer_write_atmost(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd,
ev_ssize_t howmuch);
int evbuffer_read(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd, int howmuch);
Evbuffer和回调函数
struct evbuffer_cb_info {
size_t orig_size;
size_t n_added;
size_t n_deleted;
};
typedef void (*evbuffer_cb_func)(struct evbuffer *buffer,
const struct evbuffer_cb_info *info, void *arg);
struct evbuffer_cb_entry;
struct evbuffer_cb_entry *evbuffer_add_cb(struct evbuffer *buffer,
evbuffer_cb_func cb, void *cbarg);
int evbuffer_remove_cb_entry(struct evbuffer *buffer,
struct evbuffer_cb_entry *ent);
int evbuffer_remove_cb(struct evbuffer *buffer, evbuffer_cb_func cb,
void *cbarg);
#define EVBUFFER_CB_ENABLED 1
int evbuffer_cb_set_flags(struct evbuffer *buffer,
struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb,
ev_uint32_t flags);
int evbuffer_cb_clear_flags(struct evbuffer *buffer,
struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb,
ev_uint32_t flags);
例子：
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/* Here's a callback that remembers how many bytes we have drained in
total from the buffer, and prints a dot every time we hit a
megabyte. */
struct total_processed {
size_t n;
};
void count_megabytes_cb(struct evbuffer *buffer,
const struct evbuffer_cb_info *info, void *arg)
{
struct total_processed *tp = arg;
size_t old_n = tp->n;
int megabytes, i;
tp->n += info->n_deleted;
megabytes = ((tp->n) >> 20) - (old_n >> 20);
for (i=0; i<megabytes; ++i)
putc('.', stdout);
}
void operation_with_counted_bytes(void)
{
struct total_processed *tp = malloc(sizeof(*tp));
struct evbuffer *buf = evbuffer_new();
tp->n = 0;
evbuffer_add_cb(buf, count_megabytes_cb, tp);
/* Use the evbuffer for a while. When we're done: */
evbuffer_free(buf);
free(tp);
}
避免evbufferIO中的数据复制
typedef void (*evbuffer_ref_cleanup_cb)(const void *data,
size_t datalen, void *extra);
int evbuffer_add_reference(struct evbuffer *outbuf,
const void *data, size_t datlen,
evbuffer_ref_cleanup_cb cleanupfn, void *extra);
例子：
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/* In this example, we have a bunch of evbuffers that we want to use to
spool a one-megabyte resource out to the network. We do this
without keeping any more copies of the resource in memory than
necessary. */
#define HUGE_RESOURCE_SIZE (1024*1024)
struct huge_resource {
/* We keep a count of the references that exist to this structure,
so that we know when we can free it. */
int reference_count;
char data[HUGE_RESOURCE_SIZE];
};
struct huge_resource *new_resource(void) {
struct huge_resource *hr = malloc(sizeof(struct huge_resource));
hr->reference_count = 1;
/* Here we should fill hr->data with something. In real life,
we'd probably load something or do a complex calculation.
Here, we'll just fill it with EEs. */
memset(hr->data, 0xEE, sizeof(hr->data));
return hr;
}
void free_resource(struct huge_resource *hr) {
--hr->reference_count;
if (hr->reference_count == 0)
free(hr);
}
static void cleanup(const void *data, size_t len, void *arg) {
free_resource(arg);
}
/* This is the function that actually adds the resource to the
buffer. */
void spool_resource_to_evbuffer(struct evbuffer *buf,
struct huge_resource *hr)
{
++hr->reference_count;
evbuffer_add_reference(buf, hr->data, HUGE_RESOURCE_SIZE,
cleanup, hr);
}
将文件添加到evbuffer中
int evbuffer_add_file(struct evbuffer *output, int fd, ev_off_t offset,
size_t length);
