创建Django项目

环境

windows10 + python3.7

创建django项目

django-admin startproject locallibrary

locallibrary为项目名。

目录结构：

locallibrary/
    manage.py
    locallibrary/
        __init__.py
        settings.py
        urls.py
        wsgi.py

创建目录应用

启用命令行，到 localibrary/目录下，输入以下指令

python manage.py starapp catalog

目录结构

指令成功，会有下列目录结构。

locallibrary/
    manage.py
    locallibrary/
    catalog/
        admin.py
        apps.py
        models.py
        tests.py
        views.py
        __init__.py
        migrations/

修改配置文件

修改 /locallibrary/settings.py 文件

1. 注册目录

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'catalog.apps.CatalogConfig', 
]

2. 选择数据库
   由于使用默认数据库SQlite，所以保持默认。

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

3. 其他设置

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

配置URLs

在 urls.py 中配置

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.urls import include
from django.views.generic import RedirectView
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('catalog/', include('catalog.urls')),
    path('', RedirectView.as_view(url='/catalog/')),
] + static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)

在catalog 文件夹中，新建一个 urls.py 文件

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [

]

数据库检查

如果修改了数据模型，在启动django之前需要运行命令

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

启动django

python manage.py runserver

启动成功,命令行输出：

Performing system checks...

 System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
 August 15, 2018 - 16:11:26
 Django version 2.1, using settings 'locallibrary.settings'
 Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
 Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

在浏览器中访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin 即可看到结果。