安装nodejs
安装git
下载vue-admin-template（前端）
建议
本项目为可作为管理系统的基础模板作为二次开发，可用于初学者或学生基于它进行二次开发。（本人基于多人协助的基础开发，技术有限。）
基础模板：vue-admin-template
开始创建项目
Idle使用：WebStorm
①下载vue-admin-template
②进入vue-admin-template项目
③初始化vue-admin-template项目
④运行vue-admin-template
```
# clone the projectgit clone
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-admin-template.git
# enter the project directory
cd vue-admin-template
# install dependency
npm install
# develop
npm run dev
```
编辑vue-admin-template项目
到project\vue-admin-template\src\router\index.js
删除多余界面后如下
```
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
Vue.use(Router)
/* Layout */
import Layout from '@/layout'
/**
* Note: sub-menu only appear when route children.length >= 1
* Detail see: https://panjiachen.github.io/vue-element-admin-site/guide/essentials/router-and-nav.html
*
* hidden: true if set true, item will not show in the sidebar(default is false)
* alwaysShow: true if set true, will always show the root menu
* if not set alwaysShow, when item has more than one children route,
* it will becomes nested mode, otherwise not show the root menu
* redirect: noRedirect if set noRedirect will no redirect in the breadcrumb
* name:'router-name' the name is used by <keep-alive> (must set!!!)
* meta : {
roles: ['admin','editor'] control the page roles (you can set multiple roles)
title: 'title' the name show in sidebar and breadcrumb (recommend set)
icon: 'svg-name' the icon show in the sidebar
breadcrumb: false if set false, the item will hidden in breadcrumb(default is true)
activeMenu: '/example/list' if set path, the sidebar will highlight the path you set
}
*/
/**
* constantRoutes
* a base page that does not have permission requirements
* all roles can be accessed
*/
export const constantRoutes = [
{
path: '/login',
component: () => import('@/views/login/index'),
hidden: true
},
{
path: '/404',
component: () => import('@/views/404'),
hidden: true
},
{
path: '/',
component: Layout,
redirect: '/dashboard',
children: [{
path: 'dashboard',
name: 'Dashboard',
component: () => import('@/views/dashboard/index'),
meta: { title: 'Dashboard', icon: 'dashboard' }
}]
},
// 404 page must be placed at the end !!!
{ path: '*', redirect: '/404', hidden: true }
]
const createRouter = () => new Router({
// mode: 'history', // require service support
scrollBehavior: () => ({ y: 0 }),
routes: constantRoutes
})
const router = createRouter()
// Detail see: https://github.com/vuejs/vue-router/issues/1234#issuecomment-357941465
export function resetRouter() {
const newRouter = createRouter()
router.matcher = newRouter.matcher // reset router
}
export default router
```
安装ES6语法插件
```
npm install --save es6-promise
```
引用Axios 插件，新建http.js插入如下位置
http.js：
···
import Vue from 'vue';
import Axios from 'axios';
import {Promise} from 'es6-promise';
import {MessageBox, Message} from 'element-ui'
Axios.defaults.timeout = 30000; // 1分钟
Axios.defaults.baseURL = '';
Axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
// Do something before request is sent
//change method for get
/*if(process.env.NODE_ENV == 'development'){
config['method'] = 'GET';
console.log(config)
}*/
if (config['MSG']) {
// Vue.prototype.$showLoading(config['MSG']);
} else {
// Vue.prototype.$showLoading();
}
// if(user.state.token){//用户登录时每次请求将token放入请求头中
// config.headers["token"] = user.state.token;
// }
if (config['Content-Type'] === 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;') {//默认发application/json请求，如果application/x-www-form-urlencoded;需要使用transformRequest对参数进行处理
/*config['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8';*/
config.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8';
config['transformRequest'] = function (obj) {
var str = [];
for (var p in obj)
str.push(encodeURIComponent(p) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(obj[p]));
return str.join("&")
};
}
//config.header['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8';
return config;
}, function (error) {
// Do something with request error
// Vue.$vux.loading.hide()
return Promise.reject(error);
});
Axios.interceptors.response.use(
response => {
// Vue.$vux.loading.hide();
return response.data;
},
error => {
// Vue.$vux.loading.hide();
if (error.response) {
switch (error.response.status) {
case 404:
Message({
message: '' || 'Error',
type: 'error',
duration: 5 * 1000
})
break;
default:
Message({
message: '' || 'Error',
type: 'error',
duration: 5 * 1000
})
}
} else if (error instanceof Error) {
console.error(error);
} else {
Message({
message: '' || 'Error',
type: 'error',
duration: 5 * 1000
})
}
return Promise.reject(error.response);
});
export default Vue.prototype.$http = Axios;
```
配置axios代理：
vue.config.js
```
'use strict'
const path = require('path')
const defaultSettings = require('./src/settings.js')
function resolve(dir) {
return path.join(__dirname, dir)
}
const name = defaultSettings.title || 'vue Admin Template' // page title
// If your port is set to 80,
// use administrator privileges to execute the command line.
// For example, Mac: sudo npm run
// You can change the port by the following methods:
// port = 9528 npm run dev OR npm run dev --port = 9528
const port = process.env.port || process.env.npm_config_port || 9528 // dev port
// All configuration item explanations can be find in https://cli.vuejs.org/config/
module.exports = {
/**
* You will need to set publicPath if you plan to deploy your site under a sub path,
* for example GitHub Pages. If you plan to deploy your site to https://foo.github.io/bar/,
* then publicPath should be set to "/bar/".
* In most cases please use '/' !!!
* Detail: https://cli.vuejs.org/config/#publicpath
*/
publicPath: '/',
outputDir: 'dist',
assetsDir: 'static',
lintOnSave: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development',
productionSourceMap: false,
devServer: {
port: port,
open: true,
overlay: {
warnings: false,
errors: true
},
proxy: {
// change xxx-api/login => mock/login
// detail: https://cli.vuejs.org/config/#devserver-proxy
[process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API]: {
target: `http://127.0.0.1:${port}/mock`,
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {
['^' + process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API]: ''
}
},
['/api']: {
target: `http://127.0.0.1:3000`,
changeOrigin: true,
pathRewrite: {
['^' + '/api']: ''
}
}
},
after: require('./mock/mock-server.js')
},
configureWebpack: {
// provide the app's title in webpack's name field, so that
// it can be accessed in index.html to inject the correct title.
name: name,
resolve: {
alias: {
'@': resolve('src')
}
}
},
chainWebpack(config) {
config.plugins.delete('preload') // TODO: need test
config.plugins.delete('prefetch') // TODO: need test
// set svg-sprite-loader
config.module
.rule('svg')
.exclude.add(resolve('src/icons'))
.end()
config.module
.rule('icons')
.test(/\.svg$/)
.include.add(resolve('src/icons'))
.end()
.use('svg-sprite-loader')
.loader('svg-sprite-loader')
.options({
symbolId: 'icon-[name]'
})
.end()
// set preserveWhitespace
config.module
.rule('vue')
.use('vue-loader')
.loader('vue-loader')
.tap(options => {
options.compilerOptions.preserveWhitespace = true
return options
})
.end()
config
// https://webpack.js.org/configuration/devtool/#development
.when(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development',
config => config.devtool('cheap-source-map')
)
config
.when(process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'development',
config => {
config
.plugin('ScriptExtHtmlWebpackPlugin')
.after('html')
.use('script-ext-html-webpack-plugin', [{
// `runtime` must same as runtimeChunk name. default is `runtime`
inline: /runtime\..*\.js$/
}])
.end()
config
.optimization.splitChunks({
chunks: 'all',
cacheGroups: {
libs: {
name: 'chunk-libs',
test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/,
priority: 10,
chunks: 'initial' // only package third parties that are initially dependent
},
elementUI: {
name: 'chunk-elementUI', // split elementUI into a single package
priority: 20, // the weight needs to be larger than libs and app or it will be packaged into libs or app
test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]_?element-ui(.*)/ // in order to adapt to cnpm
},
commons: {
name: 'chunk-commons',
test: resolve('src/components'), // can customize your rules
minChunks: 3, // minimum common number
priority: 5,
reuseExistingChunk: true
}
}
})
config.optimization.runtimeChunk('single')
}
)
}
}
```
main.js中加入http
```
import http from './utils/http'
Vue.use(http)
```
调用接口：
index.vue：
```
<template>
<div class="dashboard-container">
欢迎
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { mapGetters } from 'vuex'
export default {
name: 'Dashboard',
computed: {
...mapGetters([
'name'
])
},
mounted() {
this.$http.get('/api/users/add').then(res =>{
console.log('this.panels',res)
})
}
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.dashboard {
&-container {
margin: 30px;
}
&-text {
font-size: 30px;
line-height: 46px;
}
}
</style>
```
全局安装koa-generator,执行下面命令
```
npm install -g koa-generator
```
构建koa2项目代码如下
```
koa2 projectName
```
构建成功信息：
```
D:\project>koa2 projectName
create : projectName
create : projectName/package.json
create : projectName/app.js
create : projectName/public
create : projectName/public/images
create : projectName/routes
create : projectName/routes/index.js
create : projectName/routes/users.js
create : projectName/views
create : projectName/views/index.pug
create : projectName/views/layout.pug
create : projectName/views/error.pug
create : projectName/public/stylesheets
create : projectName/public/stylesheets/style.css
create : projectName/bin
create : projectName/bin/www
install dependencies:
> cd projectName && npm install
run the app:
> SET DEBUG=koa* & npm start projectName
create : projectName/public/javascripts
D:\project>
```
初始化后台项目插件，命令属下:
```
cd projectName
```
初始化项目，如果没有安装git会报错.
```
npm install
```
项目试运行
```
npm run dev
```
这里koa2模板提示信息做的并不好，没有输出测试地址，成功后出现如下界面代表成功了。
```
D:\project\projectName>npm run dev
> projectName@0.1.0 dev D:\project\projectName
> nodemon bin/www
[nodemon] 1.19.4
[nodemon] to restart at any time, enter `rs`
[nodemon] watching dir(s): *.*
[nodemon] watching extensions: js,mjs,json
[nodemon] starting `node bin/www`
```
在浏览器打开地址：
出现koa2的欢迎界面就代表成功了。
安装本地mongodb或者在mongodb官网新建免费的云端服务器。
本人在这里用的mongodb免费云端数据库。
需要自行填写用户和密码及数据库名
链接如下：
```
mongodb+srv://<用户名>:<密码填写>@cluster0.immyf.mongodb.net/<数据库名>?retryWrites=true&w=majority
```
安装mongoose
```
npm install mongoose --save
```
在刚刚新建好的projectName中创建db目录
下面代码中连接密码需要修改成自己的：
config.js：
```
module.exports = {
// dbs: 'mongodb://139.159.253.110:27017/test1'
dbs: 'mongodb+srv://xxwozixin:<需要修改>@cluster0-7d5kk.mongodb.net/test?retryWrites=true&w=majority'
}
```
user.js：
```
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const feld={
name: String,
age: Number,
//人物标签
labels:Number
}
//自动添加更新时间创建时间:
let personSchema = new mongoose.Schema(feld, {timestamps: {createdAt: 'created', updatedAt: 'updated'}})
module.exports= mongoose.model('User',personSchema)
```
修改projectName下的app.js
app.js：
```
const Koa = require('koa')
const app = new Koa()
const views = require('koa-views')
const json = require('koa-json')
const onerror = require('koa-onerror')
const bodyparser = require('koa-bodyparser')
const logger = require('koa-logger')
const index = require('./routes/index')
const users = require('./routes/users')
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const dbconfig = require('./db/config')
mongoose.connect(dbconfig.dbs, {useNewUrlParser: true,useUnifiedTopology: true})
const db = mongoose.connection
db.on('error', console.error.bind(console, 'connection error:'));
db.once('open', function() {
console.log('mongoose 连接成功')
});
// error handler
onerror(app)
// middlewares
app.use(bodyparser({
enableTypes:['json', 'form', 'text']
}))
app.use(json())
app.use(logger())
app.use(require('koa-static')(__dirname + '/public'))
app.use(views(__dirname + '/views', {
extension: 'pug'
}))
// logger
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date()
await next()
const ms = new Date() - start
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`)
})
// routes
app.use(index.routes(), index.allowedMethods())
app.use(users.routes(), users.allowedMethods())
// error-handling
app.on('error', (err, ctx) => {
console.error('server error', err, ctx)
});
module.exports = app
// error handler
onerror(app)
// middlewares
app.use(bodyparser({
enableTypes:['json', 'form', 'text']
}))
app.use(json())
app.use(logger())
app.use(require('koa-static')(__dirname + '/public'))
app.use(views(__dirname + '/views', {
extension: 'pug'
}))
// logger
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date()
await next()
const ms = new Date() - start
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`)
})
// routes
app.use(index.routes(), index.allowedMethods())
app.use(users.routes(), users.allowedMethods())
// error-handling
app.on('error', (err, ctx) => {
console.error('server error', err, ctx)
});
module.exports = app
```
user.js：
```
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const feld={
name: String,
age: Number,
//人物标签
labels:Number
}
//自动添加更新时间创建时间:
let personSchema = new mongoose.Schema(feld, {timestamps: {createdAt: 'created', updatedAt: 'updated'}})
module.exports= mongoose.model('User',personSchema)
```
修改app.js：
```
const Koa = require('koa')
const app = new Koa()
const views = require('koa-views')
const json = require('koa-json')
const onerror = require('koa-onerror')
const bodyparser = require('koa-bodyparser')
const logger = require('koa-logger')
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const dbconfig = require('./db/config')
mongoose.connect(dbconfig.dbs,{useNewUrlParser: true,useUnifiedTopology: true})
const db = mongoose.connection
db.on('error',console.error.bind(console,'connection error:'));
db.once('open',function () {
console.log('mongoose 连接成功')
});
// error handler
onerror(app)
// middlewares
app.use(bodyparser({
enableTypes:['json', 'form', 'text']
}))
app.use(json())
app.use(logger())
app.use(require('koa-static')(__dirname + '/public'))
app.use(views(__dirname + '/views', {
extension: 'pug'
}))
// logger
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
const start = new Date()
await next()
const ms = new Date() - start
console.log(`${ctx.method} ${ctx.url} - ${ms}ms`)
})
const index = require('./routes/index')
app.use(index.routes(), index.allowedMethods())
const users = require('./routes/users')
app.use(users.routes(), users.allowedMethods())
// error-handling
// routes
app.on('error', (err, ctx) => {
console.error('server error', err, ctx)
});
module.exports = app
```
users.js中添加user的路由
projectName/routes/users.js：
```
const router = require('koa-router')()
const User = require('../db/models/user')
router.prefix('/users')
router.get('/add', function (ctx, next) {
ctx.body = 'this is a users/add response'
})
router.get('/', function (ctx, next) {
ctx.body = 'this is a users response!'
})
router.get('/bar', function (ctx, next) {
ctx.body = 'this is a users/bar response'
})
module.exports = router
```
重启项目
关闭正在运行的dev后，重新启动服务
```
npm run dev
```
如果出现了一下信息，则数据库连接成功
```
E:\nodejs\node.exe E:\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\npm-cli.js run dev --scripts-prepend-node-path=auto
> projectName@0.1.0 dev E:\nodejs\vue\projectName
> nodemon bin/www
[nodemon] 1.19.4
[nodemon] to restart at any time, enter `rs`
[nodemon] watching dir(s): *.*
[nodemon] watching extensions: js,mjs,json
[nodemon] starting `node bin/www`
mongoose 连接成功
```
效果图：
到此整个前后端平台搭建成功，可以开始创建项目了
