java 线程 单例和多线程

• 单例模式，最常见的就是饥饿模式和懒汉模式，一个直接实例化对象，一个是在调用方法时示例化对象
• 在高并发的情况下饥饿模式和懒汉模式并不适用，推荐使用double check instance 模式和static inner class模式，最常用的是static inner class，简单，对线程安全友好
• static inner class模式

public class Singletion {
    
    private static class InnerSingletion {
        private static Singletion single = new Singletion();
    }
    
    public static Singletion getInstance(){
        return InnerSingletion.single;
    }
    
}

• double check instance 模式

public class DubbleSingleton {

    private static DubbleSingleton ds;
    
    public  static DubbleSingleton getDs(){
        if(ds == null){
            try {
                //模拟初始化对象的准备时间...
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
                        //类级锁，别的线程不允许访问这个class
            synchronized (DubbleSingleton.class) {
                if(ds == null){
                    ds = new DubbleSingleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return ds;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
            }
        },"t1");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
            }
        },"t2");
        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
            }
        },"t3");
        
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }
    
}