字符串截取

获取结尾两个字符子串：

let sessionId = "this is a test"

let index = sessionId.index(sessionId.endIndex, offsetBy: -2)

let suffix = sessionId.substring(from: index)

最后结果为：“st”

获取开头字符两个：

let sessionId = "this is a test"

let index = sessionId.index(sessionId.startIndex, offsetBy: 2)

let prefix = sessionId.substring(to: index)

最后结果为：“th”