1.Glide的简介
Glide,一个被google所推荐的图片加载库,作者是bumptech。这个库被广泛运用在google的开源项目中,包括2014年的google I/O大会上发布的官方app。
2.Glide生命周期的绑定
Glide生命周期绑定是从入口单例类Glide开始的,通过with()多个重载方法来实现对生命周期的绑定工作。大体有五个入口分别为Context、Activity、Fragment、FragmentActivity、View。
//传入一个Context
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull Context context)
//传入一个activity
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull Activity activity)
//传入一个FragmentActivity
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull FragmentActivity activity)
//传入一个Fragment
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull Fragment fragment)
//传入一个View
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull View view)
传入context和view都会对其进行类别判断,如果不属于Activity、Fragment和FragmentActivity 则生命周期与应用同步,无需处理。
//传入参数为context时
public RequestManager get(Context context) {
if (context == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("You cannot start a load on a null Context");
} else if (Util.isOnMainThread() && !(context instanceof Application)) {
if (context instanceof FragmentActivity) {
//判断参数类型是不是FragmentActivity
return get((FragmentActivity) context);
} else if (context instanceof Activity) {
//判断参数类型是不是FragmentActivity
return get((Activity) context);
} else if (context instanceof ContextWrapper) {
//判断context类型是不是ContextWrapper
return get(((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext());
}
}
//context类型属于ApplicationContext
return getApplicationManager(context);
}
//传入参数是view时
public RequestManager get(View view) {
if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread()) {
return get(view.getContext().getApplicationContext());
}
Preconditions.checkNotNull(view);
Preconditions.checkNotNull(view.getContext(),
"Unable to obtain a request manager for a view without a Context");
Activity activity = findActivity(view.getContext());
// The view might be somewhere else, like a service.
if (activity == null) {
return get(view.getContext().getApplicationContext());
}
// Support Fragments.
// Although the user might have non-support Fragments attached to FragmentActivity, searching
// for non-support Fragments is so expensive pre O and that should be rare enough that we
// prefer to just fall back to the Activity directly.
if (activity instanceof FragmentActivity) {
Fragment fragment = findSupportFragment(view, (FragmentActivity) activity);
return fragment != null ? get(fragment) : get(activity);
}
// Standard Fragments.
android.app.Fragment fragment = findFragment(view, activity);
if (fragment == null) {
return get(activity);
}
return get(fragment);
}
但传入的context不属于Activity、Fragment和FragmentActivity 会调用getApplicationManager方法,这里就直接创建一个ApplicationLifecycle来管理生命周期,但ApplicationLifecycle并不受控制,所以就无法对Glide生命周期进行管理。
private RequestManager getApplicationManager(@NonNull Context context) {
// Either an application context or we're on a background thread.
if (applicationManager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (applicationManager == null) {
Glide glide = Glide.get(context.getApplicationContext());
applicationManager =
factory.build(
glide,
new ApplicationLifecycle(),
new EmptyRequestManagerTreeNode(),
context.getApplicationContext());
}
}
}
return applicationManager;
}
当传入参数类型为Activity时,代码实现如下。
public static RequestManager with(@NonNull Activity activity) {
return getRetriever(activity).get(activity);
}
public RequestManager get(@NonNull Activity activity) {
//如果在子线程,获取applicationContext传入get方法中,最后调用getApplicationManager方法 代表不对Glide生命周期进行管理
if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread()) {
return get(activity.getApplicationContext());
} else {
assertNotDestroyed(activity);
//拿到FragmentManager对象
android.app.FragmentManager fm = activity.getFragmentManager();
//创建fragment对象,并返回一个RequestManager 对象
return fragmentGet(
activity, fm, /*parentHint=*/ null, isActivityVisible(activity));
}
}
如果当前是在子线程,获取applicationContext传入get方法中,最后调用getApplicationManager方法 ,代表不需要对Glide生命周期进行管理,否则将通过fragmentGet方法创建一个fragment
private RequestManager fragmentGet(@NonNull Context context,
@NonNull android.app.FragmentManager fm,
@Nullable android.app.Fragment parentHint,
boolean isParentVisible) {
//创建一个fragment对象
RequestManagerFragment current = getRequestManagerFragment(fm, parentHint, isParentVisible);
RequestManager requestManager = current.getRequestManager();
if (requestManager == null) {
Glide glide = Glide.get(context);
//创建一个RequestManager对象
requestManager =
factory.build(
glide, current.getGlideLifecycle(), current.getRequestManagerTreeNode(), context);
current.setRequestManager(requestManager);
}
return requestManager;
}
在fragmentGet方法中,通过getRequestManagerFragment来获得一个Fragment对象。然后拿到该Fragment对应的RequestManager 对象,如果该对象为null则创建一个RequestManager对象并将fragment中的ActivityFragmentLifecycle对象传递给RequestManager。先来看getRequestManagerFragment方法的实现。
private RequestManagerFragment getRequestManagerFragment(
@NonNull final android.app.FragmentManager fm,
@Nullable android.app.Fragment parentHint,
boolean isParentVisible) {
//查找tag为FRAGMENT_TAG的fragment
RequestManagerFragment current = (RequestManagerFragment) fm.findFragmentByTag(FRAGMENT_TAG);
if (current == null) {
//从HashMap中取出fm
current = pendingRequestManagerFragments.get(fm);
if (current == null) {
//创建fragment对象
current = new RequestManagerFragment();
//当fragment嵌套fragment时才会使用,否则parentHint是null
current.setParentFragmentHint(parentHint);
if (isParentVisible) {
//开始执行请求
current.getGlideLifecycle().onStart();
}
//将fm添加到HashMap中,防止fragment的重复创建
pendingRequestManagerFragments.put(fm, current);
//添加fragment
fm.beginTransaction().add(current, FRAGMENT_TAG).commitAllowingStateLoss();
//从HashMap集合从移除fm
handler.obtainMessage(ID_REMOVE_FRAGMENT_MANAGER, fm).sendToTarget();
}
}
return current;
}
从fm中去查找tag为FRAGMENT_TAG的fragment是否存在,如果不存在就从pendingRequestManagerFragments这个HashMap中去取,如果没有就创建一个fragment,接着将刚刚生成的Fragment加入事物管理器中,但是紧接着又调用handel发送了一条消息,我们进入handleMessage()方法中,可以发现它将刚刚加入HashMap的Fragment又删除了。这里的pendingRequestManagerFragments主要是防止fragment重复创建,因为每个activity必须对应一个唯一的fragment。add后又要马上发一个消息remove掉是为了在前面阻止重复new和add的操作后,就把这个缓存删掉,可以避免内存泄漏和内存压力。
举个例子来分析一下这个过程。
Glide.with(context).load(url).into(image1);
Glide.with(context).load(url).into(image2);
我们看上面的两行代码,在同一个Activity中分别为两个ImageView加载图片。
当第一行代码运行到getRequestManagerFragment()方法时,由于之前没有RequestManagerFragment实例,这个时候会生成一个新的RequestManagerFragment实例,并保存在HashMap中,生成新的RequestManagerFragment实例时,就会发Fragment于Activity的绑定,Handler会发送消息来进行绑定,假设这个消息为m1,紧接着在getRequestManagerFragment()方法中,就会使用Handler来发送从HashMap中删除保存的RequestManagerFragment实例对象的消息,假设这个消息为m2。
在Handler处理消息时,如果在m1与m2消息之前,Handler的消息队列中还存在其他的消息,此时m1与m2还没有得到处理,就是此时还没有进行Fragment与Activity的绑定。第二行Glide.with(context).load(url).into(image2);代码已经进行到了getRequestManagerFragment()方法了,如果此时我们不将Fragment存入HashMap中,就会重新生成一个RequestManagerFragment,这是Glide所不允许的,每一个Activity或者Fragment在使用Glide时,只能有一个所依附的虚拟的Fragment。所以将之前所生成的RequestManagerFragment存储到HashMap中,这样就不会重复生成RequestManagerFragment,等到RequestManagerFragment与Activity绑定完成后,也就是消息m1处理完成后,再将RequestManagerFragment从HashMap中销毁。
接下来看一下这个fragment的实现RequestManagerFragment。
public class RequestManagerFragment extends Fragment {
private final ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle;
public SupportRequestManagerFragment() {
this(new ActivityFragmentLifecycle());
}
public SupportRequestManagerFragment(@NonNull ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle) {
this.lifecycle = lifecycle;
}
...
@NonNull
ActivityFragmentLifecycle getGlideLifecycle() {
return lifecycle;
}
...
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
lifecycle.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
lifecycle.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycle.onDestroy();
unregisterFragmentWithRoot();
}
...
}
可以看到在RequestManagerFragment的构成函数里会生成ActivityFragmentLifecycle对象。ActivityFragmentLifecycle类是生命周期回调的管理类,它实现了LifeCycle接口,会将LifecycleListener的接口加入到ActivityFragmentLifecycle类中的Set集合中,当RequestManagerFragment的生命周期的方法触发时,会调用ActivityFragmentLifeCycle的相应方法。再回到fragmentGet方法,fragment创建成功后,在创建RequestManager时会传入fragment中的ActivityFragmentLifecycle,再来看RequestManager的实现。
public class RequestManager implements LifecycleListener,
ModelTypes<RequestBuilder<Drawable>> {
private final Runnable addSelfToLifecycle = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
lifecycle.addListener(RequestManager.this);
}
};
public RequestManager(
@NonNull Glide glide, @NonNull Lifecycle lifecycle,
@NonNull RequestManagerTreeNode treeNode, @NonNull Context context) {
this(
glide,
lifecycle,
treeNode,
new RequestTracker(),
glide.getConnectivityMonitorFactory(),
context);
}
// Our usage is safe here.
@SuppressWarnings("PMD.ConstructorCallsOverridableMethod")
RequestManager(
Glide glide,
Lifecycle lifecycle,
RequestManagerTreeNode treeNode,
RequestTracker requestTracker,
ConnectivityMonitorFactory factory,
Context context) {
this.glide = glide;
this.lifecycle = lifecycle;
this.treeNode = treeNode;
this.requestTracker = requestTracker;
this.context = context;
...
if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread()) {
//当在子线程时通过Handler将当前对象注册到ActivityFragmentLifecycle
mainHandler.post(addSelfToLifecycle);
} else {
//将当前对象注册到ActivityFragmentLifecycle
lifecycle.addListener(this);
}
//网络变化监听
lifecycle.addListener(connectivityMonitor);
...
}
//开始加载
@Override
public synchronized void onStart() {
resumeRequests();
//如果有动画则开始动画
targetTracker.onStart();
}
//停止加载
@Override
public synchronized void onStop() {
pauseRequests();
//如果有动画则动画停止
targetTracker.onStop();
}
//销毁
@Override
public synchronized void onDestroy() {
//如果有动画则动画结束并销毁
targetTracker.onDestroy();
...
}
//开始请求数据
synchronized void track(@NonNull Target<?> target, @NonNull Request request) {
targetTracker.track(target);
requestTracker.runRequest(request);
}
...
}
可以看见在RequestManager的构造函数将RequestManager注册到ActivityFragmentLifecycle中,再来看看ActivityFragmentLifecycle的实现。
class ActivityFragmentLifecycle implements Lifecycle {
private final Set<LifecycleListener> lifecycleListeners =
Collections.newSetFromMap(new WeakHashMap<LifecycleListener, Boolean>());
private boolean isStarted;
private boolean isDestroyed;
@Override
public void addListener(@NonNull LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycleListeners.add(listener);
if (isDestroyed) {
listener.onDestroy();
} else if (isStarted) {
listener.onStart();
} else {
listener.onStop();
}
}
@Override
public void removeListener(@NonNull LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycleListeners.remove(listener);
}
//每个RequestManager对应一个LifecycleListener
void onStart() {
isStarted = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStart();
}
}
//每个RequestManager对应一个LifecycleListener
void onStop() {
isStarted = false;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStop();
}
}
//每个RequestManager对应一个LifecycleListener
void onDestroy() {
isDestroyed = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onDestroy();
}
}
}
由于ActivityFragmentLifecycle对象是在fragment中创建并且它的onStart、onStop、onDestory方法与fragment一一对应,这样就将RequestManager的生命周期就与fragment关联起来了,也就与当前activity关联起来 。通过上面的源码可以发现Glide生命周期是通过创造一个不可见的fragment然后把这个fragment和activity进行绑定实现的。
因为with还可能会传入fragment,为了确保fragment所创建的RequestManagerFragment是依附在Activity所创建的RequestManagerFragmen下面的,我们可以看到RequestManagerFragment还有一个rootRequestManagerFragment的成员变量。这个fragment即顶级的Activity所创建的RequestManagerFragment,Glide每创建一个RequestManagerFragment,都会尝试实例化rootRequestManagerFragment,相关代码
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
super.onAttach(activity);
rootRequestManagerFragment = RequestManagerRetriever.get()
.getRequestManagerFragment(getActivity().getFragmentManager());
if (rootRequestManagerFragment != this) {
rootRequestManagerFragment.addChildRequestManagerFragment(this);
}
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
super.onDetach();
if (rootRequestManagerFragment != null) {
rootRequestManagerFragment.removeChildRequestManagerFragment(this);
rootRequestManagerFragment = null;
}
}
可以看到,不管当前的RequestManagerFragment是通过何种方式创建的,都会在OnAttach时,拿到当前所绑定的Activity的FragmentManager来初始化一个RequestManagerFragment,这个RequestManagerFragment有可能是自身,有可能已经被初始化过了,比如是通过with(Activity activity)的方式初始化的,那么很显然
RequestManagerRetriever.get().getRequestManagerFragment(getActivity().getFragmentManager());
这句代码拿到的会是自己本身,而如果是通过with(Fragment fragment)的形式创建的,rootRequestManagerFragment将指向当前fragment绑定到Activity所绑定的RequestManagerFragment,如果该Activity没有绑定过,那么会开启事务绑定一个RequestManagerFragment。并且如果自己不是rootRequestManagerFragment的话,那么将会把自己保存到rootRequestManagerFragment中的一个集合:
private void addChildRequestManagerFragment(RequestManagerFragment child) {
childRequestManagerFragments.add(child);
}
简而言之,Glide会为Activity创建一个RequestManagerFragment做为rootFragment,并保存该Activity底下所有Fragment(如果有的话)所创建的RequestManagerFragment。