世界著名的女指挥大师玛琳·阿尔索普即将率领巴西的圣保罗交响乐团（São Paulo Symphony Orchestra）来中国进行巡演。借这个机会，《古典纵横》的赵毅敏对阿尔索普进行了书面的采访。
问：在2018年“伯恩斯坦年”，Naxos唱片公司出版了你的伯恩斯坦录音集8cd，你可以谈谈伯恩斯坦对你事业发展的影响吗？起到什么样的作用？你指挥他的作品有什么心得和体会？
In the 2018 “Bernstein Year”, Naxos has released your 8CD Bernstein collection. Could you talk about Bernstein’s impact on your career? What role has such impact played? How do you feel and connect with his work while conducting them?
答：我9岁时参加了一场伦纳德·伯恩斯坦的音乐会，那时他就启发了我想要成为一名指挥家的灵感（念头）。他对音乐的激情、热情和奉献都是显而易见并完全真实的。多年后，当我成为了他的学生，我发现这些情感对他而言是如此的真挚和深刻。他对一切规则都持开放态度，不设任何障碍与偏见，我在指挥他的作品时尤其能体会到他这种深植于内心的理念，自由并且不受任何形式的限制。
Leonard Bernstein was my inspiration to want to become a conductor when I attended a concert of his at the age of 9. His passion, enthusiasm, and devotion to the music was palpable and completely genuine. When I became his student years later, I discovered how sincere and profound those feelings were for him. His lack of barriers and aversion to all rules connected deeply with him and I feel that especially when conducting his music which is free from constraints of any kind.
问：你担任巴尔的摩乐团音乐总监有12年了，你对这支乐团的发展是则么规划的？回顾总结你在巴尔的摩的日子，你觉得自己主要在哪些方面做出了好的成绩？
You have been the music director of Baltimore Symphony Orchestra for 12 years, what is your plan for the development of this orchestra? Looking back on your time in Baltimore, which aspects do you think you have achieved most?
答：我为自己在巴尔的摩所做的工作感到非常自豪。现在，乐团在技术与艺术实力上均可以与世界一流管弦乐团相媲美。我也一直在努力为这座城市做出贡献，让尽可能多的孩子参与到古典音乐的世界中来。
I am extremely proud of the work I have done in Baltimore. The orchestra now rivals the great orchestras of the world in its technical and artistic prowess and I have tried to make a contribution to the city to engage as many kids in making classical music as possible.
问：你即将担任维也纳广播乐团的首席指挥，你对这个职位有什么期待？在这个乐团你将有什么样的发展计划？
You are about to become the Chief Conductor of the ORF Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra, what are your expectations for this position? What is your vision for the development of this orchestra?
答：我非常兴奋能有这个机会在这座美妙的古典音乐之城与世界一流的音乐家们合作！我们将共同努力推动艺术的精益求精，探索开拓新的曲目视野。
I am hugely excited about this new post and the opportunity to work with these world class musicians in this amazing city that embodies classical music! We will work towards pushing the envelope of artistic excellence together and exploring new repertoire horizons.
问：现在演出市场流行乐团和指挥演出某些交响曲的全集音乐会，比如贝多芬的9首交响曲、马勒的10首交响曲、肖斯塔科维奇的15首交响曲，你怎么看待这种现象，你已经在Naxos唱片公司完成了勃拉姆斯、普罗科菲耶夫和伯恩斯坦的交响曲全集的录音，接下来你会有类似的演出或录音计划吗？
The current programs within the performing world tends to do ‘cycles’, such as the Beethoven Symphony Cycle, the Mahler or Shostakovich Symphony Cycle, etc. What do you think of this phenomenon? Will you have this type of programs in the future? You have already recorded the Brahms, Prokofiev and Bernstein cycle for Naxos, will there be more full cycle recordings to come?
答：长久以来，全集音乐会一直是管弦乐节目的一个重要组成部分。拿索斯一直是发行众多作曲家全集作品的领导者——这对我们所有人来说都是一笔真正无价的财富。我真心希望在我未来的演出中会有另一个全集音乐会……让我们拭目以待。
Cycles have long been a staple of orchestral programming and Naxos has been the leader in releasing complete works of so many composers - a truly invaluable asset for all of us. I do hope there is another cycle in my future…let’s see.
问：你即将担任三支乐团的艺术领导人，你将如何分配你的时间？
You will become the music director of three orchestras, how would you allocate your time?
答：我即将在2019年底圆满完成我在圣保罗交响乐团的任期——这是一段给我带来巨大欢乐的时光，所以我只会同时担任三个管弦乐团的艺术总监几个月的时间。
I will wrap up my tenure with the Sao Paulo Symphony - a position that has brought me enormous joy - at the end of 2019, so I will only have three orchestras for a few months!
问：在演出时，你会考虑观众的口味和潮流？作为演奏家，你觉得在迎合潮流还是引领听众的口味之间，哪一个更为重要？
When you perform or design the programs, do you take into account the tastes and trends of the audience? As a performer, what do you think is more important, to accommodate to the trend or to guide the audience towards your artistic projections?
答：我认为了解观众的品味以及乐团的传统和长处是十分重要的。即便如此，我相信我仍有给大家带来新想法和新挑战的责任。我认为有时候我们常常低估了观众的接受能力。
I think that it’s very important to understand the tastes of one’s audiences and the traditions and strengths of one’s ensembles. That said, I believe it is my responsibility to also bring new ideas and sometimes new challenges to everyone. I think we often underestimate the capacity of our audience.
问：你有演出歌剧的计划吗？如果有请介绍一下。
Do you have any plans for conducting operas? If so, would you care to share some information with us?
答：我非常享受在音乐会中指挥演出歌剧，并将继续在节目编排中加入歌剧。
I really enjoy doing opera in concert and will continue to program opera in that way.
问：对于中国这次的巡演，你有什么期待？你和乐团为此做了什么样的准备？
What are your expectations for your tour in China soon? What kind of preparation do you have in particular for this tour?
答：对于第一次访问中国我感到十分兴奋！巴尔的摩交响乐团中几位杰出的音乐家就出生在中国，我迫不及待想要体验他们的文化根源。我们为此做了一周的排练和音乐会作为准备。
I am really excited to visit China for the first time! Several outstanding musicians in the Baltimore Symphony were born in China and I can’t wait to experience their roots. We are doing a week of rehearsals and concerts in preparation.
感谢您接受《古典纵横》的采访。
附阿尔索普2019中国巡演日程和曲目
2月14日 上海大剧院
伯恩斯坦：康迪德序曲
BERNSTEIN: Candide Overture
维拉-罗伯兹：巴西的巴赫风格第4号
VILLA-LOBOS: Bachianas Brasileiras No4
吉纳斯特拉：牧场芭蕾中的舞蹈
GINASTERA: Dances from Estancia op. 8a
里姆斯基-科萨科夫：天方夜谈
RIMSKY-KORSAKOV: Sheherazade
2月15日 济南大剧院
PROKOFIEV: Symphony No. 1
普罗科菲耶夫：第一交响曲
PAGANINI: Concerto No. 1 for Violin
帕格尼尼：第一小提琴协奏曲 宁峰独奏
GUARNIERI: Vila Rica Suite, excerpts
瓜内利：富村组曲，精选
STRAUSS: Der Rosenkavalier Suite
斯特劳斯：玫瑰骑士组曲
2月16日 国家大剧院
曲目与济南的相同
2月21日 香港文化中心
曲目与济南、北京的相同
2月22日 香港文化中心
曲目与上海的相同
注：本文所有照片均为Walter Scott拍摄的作品。
感谢Naxos中国对这次采访的帮助。
真正的快乐是一件严肃的事情
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