一、使用。关于Camera2的API使用，参考Google官方的例子：
Camera2Basic
Camera2Raw
Camera2Video
这是一手资料，配合官方的资料理解Camera2 API的底层原理：
3A 模式和状态转换
二、关于Camera2 API 的一些坑。
本人应公司要求，预研Camera2 相关API以及封装。在参考Camera2Basic 编写相机应用时，本人发现了Camera2 API 的关于自动对焦的一个非常严重的BUG。在此记录下来，希望后来者在使用Camera2 API时，慎重选择。
Camera2Basic 中出现问题的代码如下：
private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback mCaptureCallback
= new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() {
private void process(CaptureResult result) {
switch (mState) {
case STATE_PREVIEW: {
// We have nothing to do when the camera preview is working normally.
break;
}
case STATE_WAITING_LOCK: {
Integer afState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE);
if (afState == null) {
captureStillPicture();
} else if (CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState ||
CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_NOT_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState) {
// CONTROL_AE_STATE can be null on some devices
Integer aeState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE);
if (aeState == null ||
aeState == CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_CONVERGED) {
mState = STATE_PICTURE_TAKEN;
captureStillPicture();
} else {
runPrecaptureSequence();
}
}
break;
}
case STATE_WAITING_PRECAPTURE: {
// CONTROL_AE_STATE can be null on some devices
Integer aeState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE);
if (aeState == null ||
aeState == CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_PRECAPTURE ||
aeState == CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_STATE_FLASH_REQUIRED) {
mState = STATE_WAITING_NON_PRECAPTURE;
}
break;
}
case STATE_WAITING_NON_PRECAPTURE: {
// CONTROL_AE_STATE can be null on some devices
Integer aeState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE);
if (aeState == null || aeState != CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_PRECAPTURE) {
mState = STATE_PICTURE_TAKEN;
captureStillPicture();
}
break;
}
}
}
@Override
public void onCaptureProgressed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session,
@NonNull CaptureRequest request,
@NonNull CaptureResult partialResult) {
process(partialResult);
}
@Override
public void onCaptureCompleted(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session,
@NonNull CaptureRequest request,
@NonNull TotalCaptureResult result) {
process(result);
}
};
出现问题的代码如下：
case STATE_WAITING_LOCK: {
Integer afState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE);
if (afState == null) {
captureStillPicture();
} else if (CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState ||
CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_NOT_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState) {
// CONTROL_AE_STATE can be null on some devices
Integer aeState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE);
if (aeState == null ||
aeState == CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_CONVERGED) {
mState = STATE_PICTURE_TAKEN;
captureStillPicture();
} else {
runPrecaptureSequence();
}
}
break;
}
调用拍照方法后，会进入STATE_WAITING_LOCK状态，此时获取Integer afState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE);的对焦状态afState 在某些机器上面，连续拍了几张图片之后，afState 会一直处于CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN状态，表示一个持续聚焦的算法正在做扫描。镜头正在移动中。然而实际上你并没有移动镜头。这里会导致后续的对焦完成ImageReader取出对焦完成的图像数据无法进行。也就是无法再拍照了。这是我测试得到的log:
afState 的状态为1，即CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN。无法再继续走到后续的CONTROL_AF_STATE_FOCUSED_LOCKED 和 CONTROL_AF_STATE_NOT_FOCUSED_LOCKED 状态，导致无法取出图像数据，进而完成拍照功能。
测试设备：红米5 Plus
而且这个状态出错的情况一旦出现，就只能关掉相机重新打开才能恢复正常。由于手上的设备有限，无法做更多的测试。但至少这个情况在MIUI系统上非常大概率出现，基于MIUI国内的市场份额，对于这种情况，只有两种解决方案，要么放弃Camera2在拍照时的自动对焦，要么放弃使用Camera2 API。暂时没有找到满意的解决方法。
关于放弃拍照时自动对焦方案是：
// 等待对焦被锁定
case STATE_WAITING_LOCK: {
Integer afState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE);
if (afState == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "STATE_WAITING_LOCK: mState = STATE_WAITING_LOCK;");
captureStillPicture();
} else if (
CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN == afState ||
CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState ||
CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_NOT_FOCUSED_LOCKED == afState) {
// CONTROL_AE_STATE can be null on some devices
Integer aeState = result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE);
if (aeState == null || (CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN != afState
&& aeState == CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_CONVERGED)) {
mState = STATE_PICTURE_TAKEN;
captureStillPicture();
} else {
runPrecaptureSequence();
}
}
Log.d(TAG, "process: afState = " + afState);
break;
}
加入CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN 状态的判断，对于出现一直出现CONTROL_AF_STATE_PASSIVE_SCAN的情况时，直接走下一层的AE曝光处理runPrecaptureSequence()流程，此时可能会因为无法对焦，画面层次感丢失的情况。
如果有人有更好的解决方案。希望能够分享一下。个人感觉目前Camera2 API的坑相当的多，至少在使用的时候，注意一些深坑。
