RabbitMQ 支持多种语言访问，以 Java 为例看下一般使用 RabbitMQ 的步骤。
- maven工程的pom文件中添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
- 消息生产者
package org.study.rabbitmq;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Producer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
//创建连接工厂
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setUsername("guest");
factory.setPassword("guest");
//设置 RabbitMQ 地址
factory.setHost("localhost");
//建立到代理服务器到连接
Connection conn = factory.newConnection();
//获得信道
Channel channel = conn.createChannel();
//声明交换器
String exchangeName = "hello-exchange";
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "direct", true);
String routingKey = "hola";
//发布消息
byte[] messageBodyBytes = "quit".getBytes();
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, null, messageBodyBytes);
channel.close();
conn.close();
}
}
- 消息消费者
package org.study.rabbitmq;
import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setUsername("guest");
factory.setPassword("guest");
factory.setHost("localhost");
//建立到代理服务器到连接
Connection conn = factory.newConnection();
//获得信道
final Channel channel = conn.createChannel();
//声明交换器
String exchangeName = "hello-exchange";
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "direct", true);
//声明队列
String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
String routingKey = "hola";
//绑定队列，通过键 hola 将队列和交换器绑定起来
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
while(true) {
//消费消息
boolean autoAck = false;
String consumerTag = "";
channel.basicConsume(queueName, autoAck, consumerTag, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag,
Envelope envelope,
AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
byte[] body) throws IOException {
String routingKey = envelope.getRoutingKey();
String contentType = properties.getContentType();
System.out.println("消费的路由键：" + routingKey);
System.out.println("消费的内容类型：" + contentType);
long deliveryTag = envelope.getDeliveryTag();
//确认消息
channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false);
System.out.println("消费的消息体内容：");
String bodyStr = new String(body, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(bodyStr);
}
});
}
}
}
