centos7安装mysql8

官网下载Mysql安装包

官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql

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也可以直接用shell命令进行获取： wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

卸载mariadb

mariadb 这个是 Linux 系统自带的数据库系统，跟 MySQL 冲突，所以一般先卸载这个没用的数据库。

[root@node2 opt]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
错误：未安装软件包 mariadb-libs-5.5mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
错误：依赖检测失败：
    libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) 被 (已安裝) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
    libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) 被 (已安裝) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@node2 opt]# ^C
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -ev mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
错误：依赖检测失败：
    libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) 被 (已安裝) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
    libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) 被 (已安裝) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -ev --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
软件包准备中...
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node2 opt]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
[root@node2 opt]# 

mysql安装

创建安装目录并上传下载好的包到安装目录解压

[root@node2 opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@node2 local]# mkdir mysql
[root@node2 local]# cd mysql
[root@node2 mysql]# ll
总用量 868520
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 889364480 9月  25 2020 mysql-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
[root@node2 mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装并初始化

注意：需要按照以下安装顺序进行安装，否则会出问题
安装顺序：COMMON --> LIB --> LIB-COMPAT --> CLIENT --> SERVER
依次执行以下命令，提示100%字样表示安装成功

[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.2################################# [100%]
[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@node2 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-common-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64

初始化mysql

mysqld --initialize;
chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R;
systemctl start mysqld.service;
systemctl enable mysqld;

查看数据库默认随记密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

使用随记密码登录 MySQL
mysql -uroot -p

修改 MySQL 密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'yourPassword';

授权root用户可以远程登陆
GRANT ALL ON . TO 'root'@'%';
刷新权限
flush privileges;

修改加密规则，其中yourpassword是你原来的密码，就是上面查询的默认密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

开放端口进行远程链接
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
查看开放端口
firewall-cmd --list-ports