假如有以下实体类
实体类声明(.h)
@interface ZDWCar : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *brand;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *country;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *color;
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat price;
此处省略n多property...
通常可以有以下创建方法:
方法1:
ZDWCar *myCar = [[ZDWCar alloc] init];
myCar.brand = @"wzd";
myCar.country = @"China";
myCar.color = [UIColor redColor];
myCar.price = 111000;
其它property赋值...
这种方法的缺点是时间久了会记不住这个类到底有哪些property需要在创建时初始化,尤其是这个类是有他人提供时,如果没有注释将会变得十分痛苦😳。
方法2:
类创建者在实体类中添加多个init方法,比如:
- (instancetype)initWithBrand:(NSString *)brand;
- (instancetype)initWithBrand:(NSString *)brand country:(NSString *)country;
- (instancetype)initWithBrand:(NSString *)brand country:(NSString *)country color:(UIColor *)color;
- (instancetype)initWithBrand:(NSString *)brand country:(NSString *)country color:(UIColor *)color price:(CGFloat)price;
...
这种创建方法清晰地告诉调用者到底有哪些property需要在创建时初始化。但是,当类的提供者有一天告诉你他增加了一个属性,init方法也变了。这时,你是不是想死?还有如果当需要初始化的property比较多时,一排排的init岂不是很壮观😡?
当某实体类的属性值很多时,特别是当类将来是要提供给其他人用时,可以使用生成器模式:
在声明文件(.h)中添加
typedef void(^ZDWCarBulderBlock)(ZDWCarBuilder *builder);
+(instancetype)createWithBuilder:(ZDWCarBulderBlock)block;
在定义(.m)文件中添加
+(instancetype)createWithBuilder:(ZDWCarBulderBlock)block {
NSParameterAssert(block);
ZDWCarBuilder *builder = [[ZDWCarBuilder alloc] init];
block(builder);
return [builder build];
}
生成器类声明(.h)
@interface ZDWCarBuilder : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *brand;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *country;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIColor *color;
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat price;
- (ZDWCar *)build;
生成器类定义(.m)
- (ZDWCar *)build {
//设置brand和country为必须初始化的属性,不传会整段垮掉,😝
NSParameterAssert(self.brand);
NSParameterAssert(self.country);
ZDWCar *car = [[ZDWCar alloc] init];
car.brand = self.brand;
car.country = self.country;
car.color = self.color;
car.price = self.price;
return car;
}
调用方实例
ZDWCar *myCar = [ZDWCar createWithBuilder:^(ZDWCarBuilder *builder) {
builder.brand = @"wzd";
builder.country = @"China";
builder.color = [UIColor redColor];
builder.price = 111000;
}];