白皮书解读

目标

比特币：一种点对点的现金系统

• 解决双重支付问题
• 点对点支付，不依赖第三方信用机构
• 去中心化
• 鲁棒性、抗攻击

交易

Alice和她的朋友Joe会面时，用现金换取了比特币。由Joe产生的这笔交易使得Alice的钱包拥有了0.10BTC。
现在Alice将第一次使用比特币在加利福尼亚州帕罗奥图的Bob咖啡店买一杯0.015BTC的咖啡。

[图片上传失败...(image-61f403-1516267978440)]

我们定义，一枚电子货币是这样额一串数字签名：每一位所有者通过前一次交易和下一位拥有者的公钥签署一个随机散列的数字签名，并且将这个签名附加在这枚电子货币的尾部，然后这个电子货币就发送给了下一个所有者。而收款人通过对签名进行检验，就能验证该链条的所有者。

观察某一笔交易细节

https://blockchain.info/tx/0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2

查看某个比特币帐号未消费的交易

curl https://blockchain.info/unspent?active=1Cdid9KFAaatwczBwBttQcwXYCpvK8h7FK


{

    "unspent_outputs":[

        {
            "tx_hash":"f2c245c38672a5d8fba5a5caa44dcef277a52e916a0603272f91286f2b052706",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2",
            "tx_index":47854970,
            "tx_output_n": 1,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 8450000,
            "value_hex": "0080efd0",
            "confirmations":227473
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"0365fdc169b964ea5ad3219e12747e9478418fdc8abed2f5fe6d0205c96def29",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"29ef6dc905026dfef5d2be8adc8f4178947e74129e21d35aea64b969c1fd6503",
            "tx_index":71083209,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 100000,
            "value_hex": "0186a0",
            "confirmations":171856
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"d9717f774daab8d3dd470853204394c82e3c01097479575d6d2ee97d7b3bdfa1",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"a1df3b7b7de92e6d5d57797409013c2ec8944320530847ddd3b8aa4d777f71d9",
            "tx_index":75974855,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 1000000,
            "value_hex": "0f4240",
            "confirmations":164015
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"3f1df69df90d097981ca9c97ad8b6a32daed345565a433f8c8e472b2dab2ac79",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"79acb2dab272e4c8f833a4655534edda326a8bad979cca8179090df99df61d3f",
            "tx_index":79887883,
            "tx_output_n": 1,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 719787,
            "value_hex": "0afbab",
            "confirmations":158128
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"417bdb6f5db3e830407f94d1a82d1667e738b19da3679b7263ebfb913394efdd",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"ddef943391fbeb63729b67a39db138e767162da8d1947f4030e8b35d6fdb7b41",
            "tx_index":170905487,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 10000,
            "value_hex": "2710",
            "confirmations":77937
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"d049d6039f9d1cb2625bac294d7465b4b1077bd5bc0e30e01e02b184db524c1f",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"1f4c52db84b1021ee0300ebcd57b07b1b465744d29ac5b62b21c9d9f03d649d0",
            "tx_index":174630347,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 11100,
            "value_hex": "2b5c",
            "confirmations":75399
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"b8a6470c7a38d0983effed00a3f75c74ba371da1387352f35d1df155851ea8d1",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"d1a81e8555f11d5df3527338a11d37ba745cf7a300edff3e98d0387a0c47a6b8",
            "tx_index":175949432,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 10000,
            "value_hex": "2710",
            "confirmations":74493
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"a2b9570e26e3991fc999c42dc8c6eea7b06514b61814da1a71b56c6ba2ae651c",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"1c65aea26b6cb5711ada1418b61465b0a7eec6c82dc499c91f99e3260e57b9a2",
            "tx_index":175955161,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 10000,
            "value_hex": "2710",
            "confirmations":74484
        },

        {
            "tx_hash":"05230cb8cd8c6a3788ed41433dfdd68a1a608cc8feb3bc1c29d97ce84bec070e",
            "tx_hash_big_endian":"0e07ec4be87cd9291cbcb3fec88c601a8ad6fd3d4341ed88376a8ccdb80c2305",
            "tx_index":175955664,
            "tx_output_n": 0,
            "script":"76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
            "value": 10000,
            "value_hex": "2710",
        }

    ]
}

区块

http://zhibimo.com/read/wang-miao/mastering-bitcoin/Chapter07.html

gonzu