Vol. 1 《剑16》Academic Test4 Reading Passage 2
Changes in Reading Habits
What are the implications of the way we read today?
Paragraph 1
Look around on your next plane trip. The iPad is the new pacifier for babies and toddlers. Younger school-aged children read stories on smartphones; older kids don’t read at all, but hunch over video games. Parents and other passengers read on tablets or skim a flotilla of email and news feeds. Unbeknown to most of us, an invisible, game-changing transformation links everyone in this picture; the neuronal circuit that underlines the brain’s ability to read is subtly, rapidly changing and this has implications for everyone from the pre-reading toddler to the expert adult.
01
look around 环视四周
<小贴士> around和about的本意都是“围绕”,所以当它们的后面是数字时,表示环绕在这个数字周围,译为“大约”。
02
pacifier /'pæsɪfaɪə/ n.
[词根词缀记忆]
[词根] pac,源自拉丁语,同英语的agree; peace,译为“同意;和平”
e.g. Pacific Ocean 太平洋
<趣味小故事>
当年,麦哲伦途径南美洲最南端的Cape Horn(合恩角)时,遭遇的风暴似乎都异常平静。于是,麦哲伦就把这一片海命名为Pacific Ocean,即peaceful ocean(平静的海洋)。不知道,如果当年麦哲伦遇上的是太平洋的台风,他会给这片海取个什么名字呢……Furious Ocean?愤怒的海洋?Who knows……(此处请自行脑补一个耸肩的动作。)
[词缀] -fy是动词后缀,在拉丁语里的意思等同于英语里的make(使……)。
e.g. satisfy 使满意;满足;使确信gratify 使满足;使高兴
(1)pacify /'pæsɪfaɪ/ v. 使平静;安慰;平定
pac+i+fy: 和平+使……(i补充音阶)
[词缀] –(i)er,做名词后缀时,即可指人也可指物。
e.g. teacher 老师 writer 作家
cooker 炊具(cook n. 厨师)
(2)pacifier n. 调解人,抚慰者;橡皮奶嘴
pac+i+fi+er: 和平+使……+人/物
(-fy,辅音字母+y,变y为i再加后缀-er)
(mute adj.缄默的,无声的 v.消声 button n. 按钮;纽扣 mute button 静音键)
<趣味拓展>
很多人对电影《超级奶爸》并不陌生,知道影片的英文名是什么吗?Super Daddy??No!超级奶爸,顾名思义,就是既能让宝贝们咯咯发笑,也能即刻安抚哭闹的宝贝。如此神奇?怎么那么像橡皮奶嘴!是的,所以,《超级奶爸》英文名就是The Pacifier。
03
babies and toddlers /'tɔdlə/ 婴儿和幼童
<词汇拓展> toddle/'tɒd(ə)l/ v.摇摇摆摆地走
[词缀] –(i)er,做名词后缀时,即可指人也可指物。
toddle+(e)r 摇摇摆摆地走+人 “学步儿童”
04
school-aged children 学龄儿童
05
hunch over video games 弓着背打游戏
<词汇拓展> hunch/hʌn(t)ʃ/ v.躬身,耸肩,弓背 n. 预感,直觉
v. hunch one’s shoulders (某人)耸着肩
记不记得小时候你趴在桌上写作业的时候,妈妈总是会提醒你,“Don’t hunch your shoulders or you will get a hunch back posture!”(驼背)
n. have a hunch (that…) 有预感……
follow/back your hunches 凭直觉做事
(p.s. back v. 支持)
e.g. —How do you know that?
—Just a hunch.
(《绝望的主妇》第四季)
<词汇拓展> over adj./prep. 在…之上;越过;遍于…之上
(看图,此处自行领会。)
hunch over video games
That's all for today. Bye for now!