远程连接docker中的MySQL遇到的问题（1251 - Client does not support authentication protocol）

1251 - Client does not support authentication protocol
原因：mysql 8.0 默认使用 caching_sha2_password 身份验证机制；客户端不支持新的加密方式。

解决方案：

修改用户（root）的加密方式

步骤：

1、进入mysql容器内部

docker exec -it mysql01 bash   ## mysql01是容器的别名，这里也可以用容器的id代替

2、登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

3、设置用户配置项
1）、查看用户信息

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user; 
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$HF7;krfwhkKHp5fPenQm4J2dm/RJtbbyjtCUVdDCcboXQw3ALxsif/sS1 |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9                              |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

备注：host为 % 表示不限制ip localhost表示本机使用 plugin非mysql_native_password 则需要修改密码

2）、修改加密方式

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';  ### 123456 mysql的登录密码
flush privileges;