There is a duality of people. Like animals, we possess physical material bodies, but unlike animals ,what we are is not physical. We are immaterial souls that possess physical bodies, that have physical bodies, and reside in physical bodies, that connect to physical bodies. So, this is known as dualism. Because the claim is, for humans at least, there are two separate things, there is our material bodies and there is our immaterial minds. Now, Descartes made two arguments for dualism. One argument involved observations of human action. So Descartes lived in a fairly sophisticated time, and his time did have robots.