概述
- Spring 中提供了3种方法进行配置(优先级越来越高):
- 在XML中显示配置
- 在Java的接口和类中实现配置
- 隐式Bean的发现机制和自动装配原则
通过XML配置装配Bean
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">
</beans>
装配简易值
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">
<bean id="role_1" class="com.ssm.chapter9.pojo.Role">
<property name="roleName" value="高级工程师" />
<property name="note" value="重要人员" />
</bean>
</beans>
-
id属性是找到的这个Bean的编号,不过它不是一个必需的属性,如果没有声明它,那么Spring 将会采用全限定名#{number}的格式生成编号。
- 例如:如果只声明一个这样的类,而没有声明
id="role_1", 那么为其生成的编号就是
com.ssm.chapter9.pojo.Role#0 ,
当它第二次声明没有id属性的Bean时,编号就是com.ssm.chapter9.pojo.Role#l
装配集合
public class UserRoleAssembly {
private Long id;
private List<Role> list;
private Properties props;
private Map<Role, User> map;
private Set<Role> set;
private String[] array;
/*** setter and getter ***/
}
<bean id="complexAssembly" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.ComplexAssembly">
<property name="id" value="1" />
<property name="list">
<list>
<value>value-list-1</value>
<value>value-list-2</value>
<value>value-list-3</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="key1" value="value-key-1" />
<entry key="key2" value="value-key-2" />
<entry key="key3" value="value-key-3" />
</map>
</property>
<property name="props">
<props>
<prop key="prop1">value-prop-1</prop>
<prop key="prop2">value-prop-2</prop>
<prop key="prop3">value-prop-3</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="set">
<set>
<value>value-set-1</value>
<value>value-set-2</value>
<value>value-set-3</value>
</set>
</property>
<property name="array">
<array>
<value>value-array-1</value>
<value>value-array-2</value>
<value>value-array-3</value>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="userRoleAssembly" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.UserRoleAssembly">
<property name="id" value="1" />
<property name="list">
<list>
<ref bean="role1" />
<ref bean="role2" />
</list>
</property>
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key-ref="role1" value-ref="user1" />
<entry key-ref="role2" value-ref="user2" />
</map>
</property>
<property name="set">
<set>
<ref bean="role1" />
<ref bean="role2" />
</set>
</property>
</bean>
命名空间装配
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
</beans>
<bean id="role1" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.Role"
c:_0="1" c:_1="role_name_1" c:_2="role_note_1" />
<bean id="role2" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.Role"
p:id="2" p:roleName="role_name_2" p:note="role_note_2" />
<bean id="user1" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.User"
p:id="1" p:userName="role_name_1" p:note="user_note_1" />
<bean id="user2" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo.User"
p:id="2" p:userName="role_name_2" p:note="user_note_2" />
<util:list id="list">
<ref bean="role1" />
<ref bean="role2" />
</util:list>
<util:map id="map">
<entry key-ref="role1" value-ref="user1" />
<entry key-ref="role2" value-ref="user2" />
</util:map>
<util:set id="set">
<ref bean="role1" />
<ref bean="role2" />
</util:set>
<bean id="userRoleAssembly" class="com.ssm.chapter10.pojo. UserRoleAssembly"
p:id="1" p:list-ref="list" p:map-ref="map" p:set-ref="set" />