Please let me know what is your name .(误)
很多初学者看了半天,也看不出这一句错句错在什么地方。
为什么会是错句呢?
先要解构一下宾语从句是怎么组成的。
主从复句由两个或两个以上的单句,通过连接词而组成,其中必有一句单句是主句,其它都是从句。
例句(1):
He told me that he would go to Beijing tomorrow.
解构:
主句:He told me
从句:he would go to Beijing tomorrow.
连词:that
特点:从句是一陈述句
例句(2):
Please let me know whether you can finish the job in time.
解构:
主句:Please let me know
从句:whether can you finish the job in time ?
连词:whether
特点:从句是一般疑问句
例句(3):
Please let me know what your name is .
解构:
主句:Please let me know
从句:what is your name ?
连词:what
特点:从句是特殊疑问句
由此可见,从句在进入复句用作宾语从句前,可以是如下三类单句中之一类:
1.陈述句
2.一般疑问句
3.特殊疑问句
在语序上,陈述句不会对初学者造成困难,问题出在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句上,因为它们原本都是疑问句,都有主谓倒置的语序要求。所以,在构成主从复句时,初学者就想当然地把主谓倒置的语序搬进了复句。
但是,英语语法对宾语从句的一个严格规定:
主从复句中的宾语从句的语序,只能是陈述句的语序
也即:主语 + 谓语 + 其它成分
所以,上述那句错句应改正为:
Please let me know what your name is.(正)
所以,
I want to make sure if can you go with us tonight.(误)
I want to make sure if you can go with us tonight. (正)
I try to tell him where is the mistake .(误)
I try to tell him where the mistake is .(正)
I want to guess how old is she .(误)
I want to guess how old she is .(正)
小结: