高考英语命题失误——2016年高考英语全国卷3试题:短文改错

The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I ever felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

命题人所提供的答案为:years, worst, the, myself, so, told, free, wearing, for, I。

我们看到全文最后一句:

“At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. ”

命题人在whenever之后添加了need的主语“I”,从而构成了whenever I need help(每当/每逢我需要帮助的时候,在我需要帮助的如何时候),这是符合上下句、全文的所要表达的语义的。

事实上还有一种答案:即是把whenever之后的need改为needing。

在结构上我们可以把whenever needing help理解为whenever I need help,

省去其主语从而构成whenever needing help这一简洁的结构。

依据即是:当从句的主语与主句的主语相同,那么可以省略从句的主语,

且需要把从句中的谓语动词调整成非谓语动词,

从而简化其结构(甚至,若是语义明确,也可以省去原来从句之前的连接词语)。


我们看看英语词典的几个例句:


张道真主编《现代英语用法词典》(修订版)第1811页whenever词条 

whenever conj.1.每当,每回,每次:

Whenever anyone was ill he installed himself as sick-nurse.

Whenever he stayed home in the evening he went to bed early.

Whenever she looked at Lanny she smiled.

And you come and talk to Coxy whenever you feel lonely.

After that he talked to her whenever he could take an opportunity.

I go to the theatre whenever I get the chance.

2.在任何……的时候

Well, you can have it whenever you like.

I told him to come back whenever he wants to.

I understood that he would repeat the attempt whenever it could be done with safety.

Come and see me whenever you want to.You may leave whenever you please.

在上面两种情况下,从句中的都可能省去某些成分:

Whenever (it’s) possible, the children play outside in the fresh air.

Use the simple verb whenever possible.

Robbie had arranged for this man to come whenever needed.

Whenever asked about it,Salum could not hold back his deep hatred for the evil colonialists.

还可以用作副词,表示“什么时候”,和when意思相同,但语气更强一些。

Whenever will you grow up?

我们看到其中的两个例句:

Robbie had arranged for this man to come whenever needed.

本条目可以理解为:

Robbie had arranged for this man to come whenever Robbie was needed.


Whenever asked about it, Salum could not hold back his deep hatred for the evil colonialists.

本条目可以理解为:Whenever Salum was asked about it, …


同时我们看到本试卷“七选五”选项 F: 

When buying fish, you should first smell it.

是不是也可以理解为When you buy fish, you should first smell it,其中的when也有whenever的含义。

——是不是也给予了提示?(命题不严谨所致)你怎么看?

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