原标题:为什么你也能看“外国话剧”?(容易搞定)
假如你从来没有接触过外国话剧,一听到“外国话剧”几个字,你的第一反应可能是:“咦,外国话剧?会不会很难看懂啊?”
如果你把上面的“外国话剧”换成“英文原版书”,估计也成立。
英文原版书都很难吗?
确实有一部分英文原版书是很难的,比如专著或学术著作,不过大约80%的原版没你想得那么难,它们是你跳一跳就能够得着、读得进的。那些写书的老外也希望书能畅销对不对?写得太晦涩,大概只能成为催眠道具了。
本文说的英文原版专指非虚构致用类原版书,不包括小说。对于高中英语良好或具有英语四、六级水平的人而言,那些跳一跳就能够得着的原版书按照难度,大致可以分为两类:简易和中等难度。
简易类的原版书主要讲方法,理论涉及较少,通俗易懂,也容易上手操作。以下3本书就是这种类型:
Speed Reading: Your Fast Track Ticket to Knowledge By Michael Chapman
5000 Words per Hour: Write Faster, Write Smarter By Chris Fox
Personal Branding: 10 Steps toward a New Professional You By Mel Carson
而中等难度的原版书虽然也谈方法,但解释观点、阐述思路的篇幅占主要,比如这几本书:
The First 20 Hours: How to Learn Anything Fast By Josh Kaufman
Personal Development for Smart People By Steve Pavlina
The Power of Habit By Charles Duhigg
如果你想从英文原版榨取干货,学到知识和技能,真正把英语用起来,那么不管是简易类还是中等难度的非虚构致用类原版书,都是你主攻的对象。
英文原版书也能被你搞定
上面介绍的两类原版书被你攻克,有一个基本条件:你高中时的英语水平良好,最好在大学过了四、六级,或者虽然没考但具有同等水平。在这个基础上看英文原版,事情就比较简单,因为你看到的大多数非虚构致用类原版书,在遣词造句和表述方式上“平易近人”。
很多英文原版书为了畅销,扩大读者数量,在语言上精心打磨,用简短、精炼且常用的词语表达观点,带一点口语风格。同时会把句子写得结构清晰、简单易懂,多用短句子,如无必要尽量回避复杂的长句子,便于读者快速理解和碎片化阅读。仅仅为了显示自己的水平而把句子整得又长又难懂,可能会吓跑读者。
以The First 20 Hours: How to Learn Anything Fast一书中的句子为例:
As we discussed in chapter 1, learning isn’t the same thing as skill acquisition. That, however, doesn’t mean learning is unimportant. Doing a bit of research before you jump into practice can save you precious time, energy, and emotional fortitude.
Learning makes your practice more efficient, which lets you spend more of your practice time working on the most important subskills first.
它们都很容易理解,第二段即使有点长,但作者用了有逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句,读者一眼就能清晰地看出整个句子的结构:1个主句(讲重点)+1个从句(做补充)。
我再截取2016年6月大学英语四级真题一篇阅读的部分文字,放在下面。你把它和上面来自原版书的文字进行比对,会发现它们的难度大致在同一水平。
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
(摘自2016年6月大学英语四级试题Section C Passage Two)
原版书的作者,除了在语言层面增加易读性,在内容上也会下功夫,通过讲故事、举例子、做类比等方式,最大限度地让你看懂他写的文字。
比如原版书ME.inc: Creating a personal branding这一段:
My parents would sometimes take me to McDonald’s for a Happy Meal. I would associate the burger and fries with the golden arches.
That is branding.
A brand is anything—a symbol, design, name, sound, reputation, emotion, employees, tone, and much more—that separates one thing from another. In the case of McDonald’s, the golden arches became part of the brand. Those arches separate their product from all other fast food restaurants and they’re a recognizable symbol even with kids.
作者先用小时候父母带他去麦当劳的故事作为导入,讲述品牌是什么,接着列举了各种品牌元素,告诉读者哪些事物属于品牌。经过这么一讲解,我们很容易理解品牌这个抽象的概念。
由此看来,英文原版书语言精炼、表述方式易懂,你要搞定它们,并不是什么难事。再给自己来点心态建设就更好,试着这样想:“读原版不难,我能做到,”你读的时候可能会信心大增,动力十足,真的感觉不太难。千万别想着读原版是一件超级难、高大上的事,结果畏畏缩缩、深思熟虑,迟迟不敢踏出第一步。别想太多,果断跨出第一步!
目录请戳此:《像看话剧一样,轻松搞定英文原版书》