为什么长波不能被植物接受、X射线不能被植物接受做光合作用，而是选择可见光做光合作用。原因是因为所有的可见光波在被我们的人体或者植物接收的时候，用的都是一定有一个接收体，光子一个一个过来，我们叫做波粒二象性，光子过来以后，如果穿透的话就没有作用了，光子要被一个化学集团接收。
高等生物，包括酵母在内，都是多了一步，转录之后，蛋白质翻译之前，多了一步，从遗传物质转录出来的RNA不能用，凡是能够翻译成蛋白质的那些区域，被一个一个搁断了，并不是垃圾，被另外一些序列搁断了，那些序列并不含有蛋白序列，要把这些序列找出来，切出来，然后把有蛋白序列的那些RNA接在一起，这个过程叫剪接。这样一讲，想象剪接特别复杂，第一步转录从DNA到前体腺RNA，一对一关系，蛋白质翻译也很简单，成熟的RNA每三个剪接，对应一个蛋白质的氨基酸，这是线性关系，中间不是线性关系。比如里面20个片段含有蛋白质信息，每两个有一段不含有蛋白质的信息，不含蛋白质信息叫做内含子，19个东西都拿掉就难了，外显子和内含子交接的地方，要找好，还要切掉，这是非常难的，三维寻找和化学反应，可以想象，我们有一维的DNA的转录，有一维的蛋白质的翻译，但中间一步间接是三维很复杂，所以需要有剪接体执行，调控很复杂，不要说你看不懂，就是学生物的，如果不是小同行，很难看懂。
因为剪接过程非常复杂，复杂到什么程度？剪接体不是一个大的复合物，不像核糖体，不像RNA，不像RNA聚合酶一样。人类遗传病大约35%因为剪接异常造成的，大约1/3的人类遗传病跟剪接有关。
Why can't a long wave accepted by plant, X rays, cannot be accepted by plants for photosynthesis, but choose to visible light for photosynthesis. Because all of the visible light waves in the human body or plants by our receiving, using all of these must have a receiving body, photons one to come over, we called wave-particle duality, photons to come over later, if through, there is no work, a photon is going to be a chemical group to receive.
Higher organisms, including yeast, is more than a step, transcription, protein translation, before more than a step, transcription of RNA from genetic material can't use, all can be translated into protein of those areas, is a a shelf is broken, not garbage, put broken by other sequences, the sequence is not containing the protein sequence, and to find out these sequences, cut it out, then put them together with protein sequence of the RNA, this process is called splicing. This, imagine splicing extremely complex, the first step transcribed from DNA to RNA precursors glands, one-to-one relationship, protein translation is also very simple, every three mature RNA splicing, corresponds to a protein amino acid, this is a linear relationship, the middle is not a linear relationship. 20 pieces contains proteins inside information, for example, every two one message does not contain protein, do not contain protein called introns information, over the age of 19 things away, where the exons and introns handover, looking for good, but also cut off, it is very difficult, the three dimensional search and chemical reaction, as you can imagine, we have a dimension of DNA transcription, one dimensional protein translation, but the middle step is three-dimensional complex indirectly, so need to have a spliceosome, regulation is very complex, don't say you don't understand, is the student, if it is not small, is very difficult to understand.
Because the splicing process is very complex, complex to what degree? Spliceosome is not a big complex, unlike the ribosome, unlike RNA, unlike RNA polymerase. Human genetic disorders caused by about 35% because of abnormal splicing, about a third of the human genetic disorders associated with splicing.
