为什么安装IO-Compress-Lzma

由于换了新电脑，导致有些开发环境需要重新配置，今天在安装配置Theos后遇到一件非常恶心的事情：
使用nic.pl创建一个Theos项目后，运行make package时，总是报错，错误信息如下:

swaedeMBP:videotweak swae$ make package
> Making all for tweak VideoTweak…
==> Preprocessing Tweak.xm…
==> Compiling Tweak.xm (armv7)…
==> Linking tweak VideoTweak (armv7)…
==> Preprocessing Tweak.xm…
==> Compiling Tweak.xm (arm64)…
==> Linking tweak VideoTweak (arm64)…
==> Merging tweak VideoTweak…
==> Signing VideoTweak…
> Making stage for tweak VideoTweak…
Can't locate IO/Compress/Lzma.pm in @INC (you may need to install the IO::Compress::Lzma module) (@INC contains: /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1 /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/5.26.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/5.26.1 /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1) at /opt/theos/bin/dm.pl line 12.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /opt/theos/bin/dm.pl line 12.
make: *** [internal-package] Error 2

• 实际上我在第一次使用Theos时也遇到过lzma的这种错误，第一次遇到错误如下:

> Making stage for tweak ioswechat…
dpkg-deb: error: obsolete compression type 'lzma'; use xz instead
Type dpkg-deb --help for help about manipulating *.deb files;
Type dpkg --help for help about installing and deinstalling packages.
make: *** [internal-package] Error 2

那一次我查找了一些资料后发现，这个错误是dpkg引起的，随着版本的升级，打包格式发生了变化

dpkg-deb: error: obsolete compression type 'lzma'; use xz instead

解决方案是按以下路径找到该文件修改其内容

/opt/theos/makefiles/package/deb.mk

找到第六行

_THEOS_PLATFORM_DPKG_DEB_COMPRESSION ?= lzma

将其改为

_THEOS_PLATFORM_DPKG_DEB_COMPRESSION ?= xz

• 解决过程：
  我安装上面的解决方法却依旧无法解决，而且我在Google和stackoverflow上也寻找不到答案；
  仔细查看问题Can't locate IO/Compress/Lzma.pm in @INC (you may need to install the IO::Compress::Lzma module)，其实就是缺少IO::Compress::Lzma，经过1个小时时间安装完成后，解决了我的问题;

安装IO::Compress::Lzma

• 1.进入cpn下载IO-Compress-Lzma-2.074.tar.gz
  
• 2.mac上双击解压，或者终端执行tar zxvf IO-Compress-Lzma-2.074.tar.gz
• 3.cd IO-Compress-Lzma-2.074
• 4. 根据README安装依赖，文章下面记录的有安装依赖的包，这里就算已经安装过了：

* Perl 5.006 or better. 
* Compress::Raw::Lzma
* IO::Compress

• 5.编译IO::Compress::Lzma, 依次执行下面:

perl Makefile.PL
make
make test

• 6.安装

make install

安装完成:

swaedeMBP:IO-Compress-Lzma-2.074 swae$ make install
Manifying 4 pod documents
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/.DS_Store
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/auto/.DS_Store
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/auto/IO/.DS_Store
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/.DS_Store
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Compress/.DS_Store
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Compress/Lzma.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Compress/Xz.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Compress/Adapter/Lzma.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Compress/Adapter/Xz.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Uncompress/UnLzma.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Uncompress/UnXz.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Uncompress/Adapter/UnLzma.pm
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.26.1/IO/Uncompress/Adapter/UnXz.pm
ifeq ($(_THEOS_PACKAGE_FORMAT_LOADED),)
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/share/man/man3/IO::Compress::Lzma.3
ifeq ($(_THEOS_PACKAGE_FORMAT_LOADED),)
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/share/man/man3/IO::Compress::Xz.3
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/share/man/man3/IO::Uncompress::UnLzma.3
Installing /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/share/man/man3/IO::Uncompress::UnXz.3
Appending installation info to /usr/local/Cellar/perl/5.26.1/lib/perl5/5.26.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level/perllocal.pod

重新编译Theos项目

make clean
make package

最后我又遇见一个make package发生的问题:

swaedeMBP:videotweak swae$ make package
> Making all for tweak VideoTweak…
==> Preprocessing Tweak.xm…
==> Compiling Tweak.xm (armv7)…
==> Linking tweak VideoTweak (armv7)…
==> Preprocessing Tweak.xm…
==> Compiling Tweak.xm (arm64)…
==> Linking tweak VideoTweak (arm64)…
==> Merging tweak VideoTweak…
==> Signing VideoTweak…
> Making stage for tweak VideoTweak…
ERROR: package name has characters that aren't lowercase alphanums or '-+.'.
make: *** [internal-package] Error 255

解决方法:
参考http://bbs.iosre.com/t/theos/2049/15中某位同学的评论，这里直接粘贴:

[@snakeninny](http://bbs.iosre.com/u/snakeninny) 谢谢你告诉我使用 `make messages=yes`，看日志得知问题是因为大写问题, 我在运行 `make package install`时遇到上面基本一样的错误，
但是通过打印运行log信息来看，`make package install messages=yes`，遇到错误是：包名的字符不是小写。如下所示，而且当前项目的包名是：com.victor.iOSScreenShotTest
随即，我删掉，重新创建一个项目，包名是: com.victor.iosscreenshottest
 `ERROR: package name has characters that aren't lowercase alphanums or '-+.'. make: *** [internal-package] Error 255` `

然后就运行正常了，再次感谢~~ ![:smile:](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2135374-04728acf9a5a4521.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240 ":smile:")

安装IO::Compress::Lzma的依赖包

Before you can build IO-Compress-Lzma you need to have the following
installed on your system:

    * Perl 5.006 or better. 
    * Compress::Raw::Lzma
    * IO::Compress

• 安装Perl 执行下面即可
  curl -L http://xrl.us/installperlosx | bash
• 安装 Compress::Raw::Lzma
使用cpanm安装 , 执行：
  cpanm Compress::Raw::Lzma
  进入cpan下载Compress-Raw-Lzma-2.074.tar.gz；
  下载完成后, 依次执行下面：

tar zxvf Compress-Raw-Lzma-2.074.tar.gz
cd Compress-Raw-Lzma-2.074
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install

此处参考http://blog.csdn.net/tty521/article/details/54301705

• 安装IO::Compress
  实际上我就没有主动安装他，不过没有安装他也没问题，所以就没有安装