简单工厂模式

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基于一个包含do_say()方法的Animal的抽象类创建两个类

• Cat
• Dog

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod

class Animal(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def do_say(self):
        pass


class Dog(Animal):
    def do_say(self):
        print("Bhow Bhow!!")


class Cat(Animal):
    def do_say(self):
        print("Meow Meow!!")

创建一个包含make_sound()方法的工厂类ForestFactory

class ForestFactory(object):
    def make_sound(self, object_type):
        return eval(object_type)().do_say()

制造点声音

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ff = ForestFactory()
    animal = input("Which animal should make_sound?[Dog or Cat]")
    ff.make_sound(animal)

运行结果

类关系图

类关系图

工厂方法模式

有两个社交网站LinkedIn和Facebook，它们的个人简介界面有各自不同的内容

内容抽象类Section

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod


class Section(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def describe(self):
        pass

不同的内容

• PersonalSection
• AlbumSection
• PatenSection
• PublicationSection

class PersonalSection(Section):
    def describe(self):
        print("Personal Section")


class AlbumSection(Section):
    def describe(self):
        print("Album Section")


class PatenSection(Section):
    def describe(self):
        print("Patent Section")


class PublicationSection(Section):
    def describe(self):
        print("Publication Section")

公司抽象类Profile

class Profile(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sections = []
        self.createProfile()

    @abstractmethod
    def createProfile(self):
        pass

    def getSections(self):
        return self.sections

    def addSections(self, section):
        self.sections.append(section)

公司类

• linkedin
• facebook

class linkedin(Profile):
    def createProfile(self):
        self.addSections(PersonalSection())
        self.addSections(PatenSection())
        self.addSections(PublicationSection())


class facebook(Profile):
    def createProfile(self):
        self.addSections(PersonalSection())
        self.addSections(AlbumSection())

选择一个社交网站

if __name__ == '__main__':
    profile_type = input("Which Profile you`d like to create?[LinkedIn or FaceBook]")
    profile = eval(profile_type.lower())()
    print("Creating Profile..", type(profile).__name__)
    print("Profile has sections --", profile.getSections())

测试结果

类关系图

工厂方法模式

抽象工厂模式

一家提供印式和美式披萨的店（抽象类PizzFactory）

class PizzFactory(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def createVegPizza(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def createNonVegPizza(self):
        pass

• IndianPizzaFactory
• USPizzaFactory

class IndianPizzaFactory(PizzFactory):
    def createVegPizza(self):
        return DeluxVeggiePizza()

    def createNonVegPizza(self):
        return ChickenPizza()


class USPizzaFactory(PizzFactory):
    def createVegPizza(self):
        return MexicanVegPizza()

    def createNonVegPizza(self):
        return HamPizza()

两种不同的披萨(抽象类)

• 素食披萨NonVegPizza
• 非素食披萨VegPizza

class VegPizza(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def prepare(self):
        pass


class NonVegPizza(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abstractmethod
    def serve(self, VegPizza):
        pass

四种不同的披萨

• DeluxVeggiePizza
• ChickenPizza
• MexicanVegPizza
• HamPizza

class DeluxVeggiePizza(VegPizza):
    def prepare(self):
        print("Prepare ", type(self).__name__)


class ChickenPizza(NonVegPizza):
    def serve(self, VegPizza):
        print(type(self).__name__, " is served with Chicken on", type(VegPizza).__name__)


class MexicanVegPizza(VegPizza):
    def prepare(self):
        print("Prepare ", type(self).__name__)


class HamPizza(NonVegPizza):
    def serve(self, VegPizza):
        print(type(self).__name__, " is served with Ham on", type(VegPizza).__name__)

到此就完成了一家披萨店，有两个国家口味，各有荤素的披萨。

整合为一个制造披萨的工厂

class PizzaStore:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def makePizzas(self):
        for factory in [IndianPizzaFactory(), USPizzaFactory()]:
            self.factory = factory
            self.NonVegPizza = self.factory.createNonVegPizza()
            self.VegPizza = self.factory.createVegPizza()
            self.VegPizza.prepare()
            self.NonVegPizza.serve(self.VegPizza)

测试

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pizza = PizzaStore()
    pizza.makePizzas()

测试结果

类关系图

类关系图

工厂方法和抽象工厂方法