一、session鉴权的处理

1. requests的会话对象

就想一个浏览器一样，它会在同一个会话中自动处理cookie信息，不需要写任何额外的代码。

import requests

session = requests.Session()  # 理解为就是一个浏览器

type(session)

requests.sessions.Session

session.post()# 登录
session.get() # 获取某个数据，会自动携带上一步收到的cookie

# 课堂派案例
headers = {'cookie': 'FZ_STROAGE.ketangpai.com=eyJTRUVTSU9OSUQiOiIzMTI5MjRiNTU2MzNmMDUxIiwiU0VFU0lPTkRBVEUiOjE2Mzk1NzA0NDQ3Njd9; ARK_ID=undefined; ketangpai_home_slb=3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0; PHPSESSID=kmugv5id4lcecie33asikt3p96; ketangpai_home_remember=think%3A%7B%22username%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLV2x5eHz7dthN523LWtftmC0IDak4NubQ%22%2C%22expire%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLOGvd6IubtrhKiGl7G2dZ4%22%2C%22token%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-q6iZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug6eDl36KYW0%22%2C%22sign%22%3A%2207f1bd0c97817e6d7ebe92bfe8e30fe9%22%7D',
          'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.61 Safari/537.36'}
res = requests.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo')

res.status_code

200

res.cookies

<RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='PHPSESSID', value='krm5vua2f6f07m5rjipa0uti16', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_slb', value='3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

res.json()

{'status': 0, 'info': '您还未登陆！'}

session = requests.Session() # 1. 创建一个session对象

# 2. 登录
login_url = 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/login'
data = {'email': '8776493@qq.com',
        'password': 'Python',
        'remember': 0}
# json data params
response = session.post(url=login_url, data=data)

session.cookies

<RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='PHPSESSID', value='5if12vo96vtulhfhr9bvu1nnr2', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_remember', value='think%3A%7B%22username%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLV2x5eHz7dthN523LWtftmC0IDak4NubQ%22%2C%22expire%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLOGvd6IubtrhKigl7O2dZ4%22%2C%22token%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-q6iZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug6edl4CKYW0%22%2C%22sign%22%3A%2298880a4b0ee67193316c6c40dd40441f%22%7D', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=1639581779, discard=False, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_slb', value='3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

res = session.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo')

res.json()

{'status': 1,
 'data': {'id': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ',
  'username': 'zlf',
  'avatar': 'http://v4.ketangpai.com/Public/Common/img/40/26.png',
  'usertype': '1',
  'email': '8776491@qq.com',
  'stno': '',
  'atteststate': 0,
  'attestInfo': []}}

# 如果不用session对象，每一步都需要自己处理cookie

login_url = 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/login'
data = {'email': '8776493@qq.com',
        'password': 'Python',
        'remember': 0}
# 1.登录
response = requests.post(url=login_url, data=data)

response.status_code

200

response.json()

{'status': 1,
 'url': '/Main/index.html',
 'token': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-haiZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug7d33n96YW0',
 'isenterprise': 0,
 'uid': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ'}

# 2.获取数据
res = requests.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo', cookies=response.cookies)

res.json()

{'status': 1,
 'data': {'id': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ',
  'username': 'zlf',
  'avatar': 'http://v4.ketangpai.com/Public/Common/img/40/26.png',
  'usertype': '1',
  'email': '8776493@qq.com',
  'stno': '',
  'atteststate': 0,
  'attestInfo': []}}

requests库的session对象仅仅只是自动帮我们处理了cookie的携带问题。

2. 封装处理session鉴权的http请求函数

思路：

• 保证在一个会话中使用同一个会话对象即可
• 给每一个用例类创建一个会话对象即可。