实验题目
设计一个多文档界面的Windows应用程序,能够实现对文档的简单处理,包括:打开、关闭、保存文件,复制、剪切、粘贴、撤销等文本处理功能,同时可以做出相关拓展。
实验方案
1、新建一个Windows窗体应用
2、分析:根据实验要求,首先需要创建一个父窗体,父窗体包含对富文本编辑的相关功能菜单,然后子窗体是富文本输入编辑框,其中还需要实现查找与替换功能,所以需要设计这三个主要的界面。
-
父窗体设计
Name:Form1;属性IsMdiContainer设置为“True”。
-
子窗体设计
窗口名称为:Form2;富文本(RichText)编辑界面名称使用默认名称(rTBDoc),属性Dock值设置为:Fill(铺满窗口),属性Modifiers值设置为:Public。
-
查找与替换
窗口Name:FormFind,修改属性MaximizeBox=False,MinimizeBox=False,表示没有最大化和最小化按钮,既不能最大化和最小化。FormBorderStyle=FixedDialog,窗口不能修改大小。
属性Text="查找和替换"。
在窗体中增加两个Label控件,属性Text分别为"查找字符串"和"替换字符串"。两个TextBox控件,属性Text=""。
两个按钮,属性Text分别为"查找下一个"和"替换"。修改属性TopMost=true,使该窗口打开时总在其它窗体的前边。
实现功能
基本的修改字体格式、颜色、复制、粘贴、撤销、插入图片等功能。
大部分的功能实现起来比较简单,使用函数即可,下面详细介绍几个稍微复杂一点功能的实现。
1.查找与替换功能
- 实现的重点在于 FindRichTextBoxString(string FindString)和 ReplaceRichTextBoxString(string ReplaceString)两个函数。
- 基本思路是将textbox中接受到的字符串在文本中寻找,因为可能不止一个位置,所以设置变量FindPostion来记录查找位置。在每次查找任务下达后,FindPostion置为零。开始查找后,FindPostion随着查找而增加。一直查找到文章末尾,FindPostion置为零。
- 有一个小细节是找到一次之后FindPostion要加上字符串长度,使得下次查找的开始位置在此次找到字符串之后。
- 另外一个小细节是每次找到之后要使用focus函数讲焦点转移到原来的窗口上,这样才能看到找到的标蓝位置。
-
功能展示
2.保存和另存为的功能
- 保存文档时课本上的代码没有考虑到是新建文档还是打开已有文档,可能会造成保存多个相似文档,用户体验不太好。
- 思路:设置一个bool变量isSaved,在文档新建、保存,等时候设置记录文档的状态,再次保存的时候,加一个if判断即可。
- 拓展:可以再设置一个bool变量isChanged,这样在关闭的时候可以检测是否保存过给予提醒
-
功能展示
3.插入图片
- 功能比较简单,模仿新建文档即可.
- 要把SaveFileDialog换成OpenFileDialog。
private void 插入图片_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
openFileDialog1.Filter = "图片文件|*.jpg|所有文件|*.*";
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
Clipboard.SetDataObject(Image.FromFile(openFileDialog1.FileName), false);
formRichText.rTBDoc.Paste();
}
}
-
功能展示
代码展示
Form1
em;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Web;
//using System.Web.UI;
namespace SimpleMDIExample
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form2 formRichText;
int FindPostion = 0;
public void FindRichTextBoxString(string FindString)//查找
{
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
if (FindPostion >= formRichText.Text.Length)//已查到文本底部
{
MessageBox.Show("已到文本底部,再次查找将从文本开始处查找", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
FindPostion = 0;
return;
}//下边语句进行查找,返回找到的位置,返回-1,表示未找到,参数1是要找的字符串
//参数2是查找的开始位置,参数3是查找的一些选项,如大小写是否匹配,查找方向等
FindPostion = formRichText.rTBDoc.Find(FindString,FindPostion, RichTextBoxFinds.MatchCase);
if (FindPostion == -1)//如果未找到
{
MessageBox.Show("已到文本底部,再次查找将从文本开始处查找",
"提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
FindPostion = 0;//下次查找的开始位置
}
else//已找到
{
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.Focus();//主窗体成为注视窗口
//formRichText.Focus();
FindPostion += FindString.Length;
}//下次查找的开始位置在此次找到字符串之后
}
public void ReplaceRichTextBoxString(string ReplaceString)//替换
{
if (formRichText.rTBDoc.SelectedText.Length != 0)//如果选取了字符串
formRichText.rTBDoc.SelectedText = ReplaceString;//替换被选的字符串
}
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void MenuStrip1_ItemClicked(object sender, ToolStripItemClickedEventArgs e)
{
}
private int _Num = 1;
private void Form1_Load_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
tSCbBoxFontName.DropDownItems.Clear();
InstalledFontCollection ifc = new InstalledFontCollection();
FontFamily[] ffs = ifc.Families;
foreach (FontFamily ff in ffs)
tSCbBoxFontName.DropDownItems.Add(ff.GetName(1));
LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);
Text = "多文本编辑器";
WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;
}
private void 窗口层叠ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);
this.窗口层叠ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
this.垂直平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
this.水平平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
}
private void 水平平铺ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal);
this.窗口层叠ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
this.垂直平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
this.水平平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
}
private void 垂直平铺ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileVertical);
this.窗口层叠ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
this.垂直平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
this.水平平铺ToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
}
private void NewDoc()
{
formRichText = new Form2();
formRichText.MdiParent = this;
formRichText.Text = "文档" + _Num;
formRichText.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;
formRichText.Show();
formRichText.Activate();
_Num++;
formRichText.isSaved = false;
}
private void 新建ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
NewDoc();
}
private void 打开ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openfiledialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
openfiledialog1.Filter =
"RTF格式(*.rtf)|*.rtf|文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";
openfiledialog1.Multiselect = false;
formRichText = new Form2();
if (openfiledialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
try
{
NewDoc();
_Num--;
formRichText.isSaved = true;
if (openfiledialog1.FilterIndex == 1)
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.LoadFile
(openfiledialog1.FileName, RichTextBoxStreamType.RichText);
else
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.LoadFile
(openfiledialog1.FileName, RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).Text = openfiledialog1.FileName;
}
catch
{
MessageBox.Show("打开失败!", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
}
}
openfiledialog1.Dispose();
}
private void 保存ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Save();
}
private void 关闭ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(this.MdiChildren.Count()>0)
{
//if(!((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).isSaved)
if (MessageBox.Show("当前文件还未保存,确定要关闭当前文档吗", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Information) == DialogResult.OK)
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).Close();
//else ((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).Close();
}
}
private void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(MessageBox.Show("确定退出应用程序吗?","提示",MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel,MessageBoxIcon.Information)==DialogResult.OK)
{
foreach (Form2 fd in this.MdiChildren)
fd.Close();
Application.Exit();
}
}
private void TSCbBoxFontName_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if(this.MdiChildren.Count()>0)
{
RichTextBox tempRTB = new RichTextBox();
int RtbStart = ((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.SelectionStart;
int len = ((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.SelectionLength;
int tempRtbStart = 0;
Font font = ((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.SelectionFont;
if(len<=0&&null!=font)
{
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.Font = new Font(tSCbBoxFontName.Text, Font.Size, font.Style);
return;
}
tempRTB.Rtf = ((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.SelectedRtf;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
{
tempRTB.Select(tempRtbStart + i, 1);
tempRTB.SelectionFont = new Font(tSCbBoxFontName.Text, tempRTB.SelectionFont.Size, tempRTB.SelectionFont.Style);
}
tempRTB.Select(tempRtbStart, len);
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.SelectedRtf = tempRTB.SelectedRtf;
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.Focus();
tempRTB.Dispose();
}
}
private void ChangeRTBFontStyle(RichTextBox rtb,FontStyle style)
{
if (style != FontStyle.Bold & style != FontStyle.Italic && style != FontStyle.Underline)
throw new System.InvalidProgramException("字体格式错误");
RichTextBox tempRTB = new RichTextBox();
int curRtbStart = rtb.SelectionStart;
int len = rtb.SelectionLength;
int tempRtbStart = 0;
Font font = rtb.SelectionFont;
if(len<=0&&font!=null)
{
if (style == FontStyle.Bold && font.Bold || style == FontStyle.Italic && font.Italic || style == FontStyle.Underline && font.Underline)
rtb.Font = new Font(font, font.Style ^ style);
else
if (style == FontStyle.Bold && !font.Bold || style == FontStyle.Italic && !font.Italic || style == FontStyle.Underline && !font.Underline)
rtb.Font = new Font(font, font.Style | style);
return;
}
tempRTB.Rtf = rtb.SelectedRtf;
tempRTB.Select(len - 1, 1);//克隆选中文字Font,用来判断
Font tempFont = (Font)tempRTB.SelectionFont.Clone();
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
{
tempRTB.Select(tempRtbStart + i, 1);
if (style == FontStyle.Bold && tempFont.Bold ||
style == FontStyle.Italic && tempFont.Italic ||
style == FontStyle.Underline && tempFont.Underline)
tempRTB.SelectionFont = new Font(tempRTB.SelectionFont, tempRTB.SelectionFont.Style ^ style);
else
if (style == FontStyle.Bold && !tempFont.Bold ||
style == FontStyle.Italic && !tempFont.Italic ||
style == FontStyle.Underline && !tempFont.Underline)
tempRTB.SelectionFont = new Font(tempRTB.SelectionFont, tempRTB.SelectionFont.Style | style);
}
tempRTB.Select(tempRtbStart, len);
rtb.Select(curRtbStart, len);
rtb.Focus();
tempRTB.Dispose();
}
private void 粗体toolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
//Font newFont = new Font(formRichText.rTBDoc.Font, FontStyle.Bold);
//formRichText.rTBDoc.Font = newFont;
if (this.MdiChildren.Count() > 0)
ChangeRTBFontStyle(formRichText.rTBDoc, FontStyle.Bold);
}
private void 斜体toolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (this.MdiChildren.Count() > 0)
ChangeRTBFontStyle(((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc, FontStyle.Italic);
}
private void 下画线toolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (this.MdiChildren.Count() > 0)
ChangeRTBFontStyle(((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc, FontStyle.Underline);
}
private void 复制CToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form2 formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
formRichText.rTBDoc.Copy();
}
private void 剪切UToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form2 formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
formRichText.rTBDoc.Cut();
}
private void 粘贴PToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form2 formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
formRichText.rTBDoc.Paste();
}
private void 撤销toolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Form2 formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
formRichText.rTBDoc.Undo();
}
private void 新建NToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
NewDoc();
}
private void 打开OToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openfiledialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
openfiledialog1.Filter =
"RTF格式(*.rtf)|*.rtf|文本文件(*.txt)|*.txt|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";
openfiledialog1.Multiselect = false;
formRichText = new Form2();
if (openfiledialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
formRichText.isSaved = true;
try
{
NewDoc();
_Num--;
if (openfiledialog1.FilterIndex == 1)
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.LoadFile
(openfiledialog1.FileName, RichTextBoxStreamType.RichText);
else
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).rTBDoc.LoadFile
(openfiledialog1.FileName, RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);
((Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild).Text = openfiledialog1.FileName;
}
catch
{
MessageBox.Show("打开失败!", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
}
}
openfiledialog1.Dispose();
}
private void 保存SToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Save();
}
private void 帮助LToolStripButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
About about = new About();
about.Show();
}
private void ToolStripButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//字体颜色
{
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
ColorDialog colorDialog = new ColorDialog();
if (colorDialog.ShowDialog() != DialogResult.Cancel)
{
formRichText.rTBDoc.SelectionColor = colorDialog.Color;//将当前选定的文字改变字体
}
}
private void 字体_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
FontDialog fontDialog = new FontDialog();
if (fontDialog.ShowDialog() != DialogResult.Cancel)
{
formRichText.rTBDoc.SelectionFont = fontDialog.Font;//将当前选定的文字改变字体
}
}
private void 搜索_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FindPostion = 0;
FormFind FindReplaceDialog = new FormFind(this);//注意this
FindReplaceDialog.Show();//打开非模式对话框使用Show()方法
}
private void Replace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FindPostion = 0;
FormFind FindReplaceDialog = new FormFind(this);//注意this
FindReplaceDialog.Show();//打开非模式对话框使用Show()方法
}
//保存文件
private void Save()
{
String str;
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
//如果文档保存过(也就是不需要另存为)
if (formRichText.isSaved)
{
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild; //获取当前窗口
str = formRichText.Text.Trim();
formRichText.rTBDoc.SaveFile(str, RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);
//formRichText.isChanged = false;
MessageBox.Show("保存成功!");
}
//否则,另存为
else
{
SaveAs();
}
}
//另存为
private void SaveAs()
{
string str;
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1 = new SaveFileDialog();
saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "txt";
saveFileDialog1.Filter = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|全部文件 (*.*)|*.*";
if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog(this) == DialogResult.OK)
{
str = saveFileDialog1.FileName;
MessageBox.Show(str);
if (str != "")
{
formRichText.rTBDoc.SaveFile(str, RichTextBoxStreamType.PlainText);
formRichText.isSaved = true;
//formRichText.isChanged = false;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("请输入文件名!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
}
}
}
private void 另存为ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SaveAs();
}
private void 插入图片_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
openFileDialog1.Filter = "图片文件|*.jpg|所有文件|*.*";
formRichText = (Form2)this.ActiveMdiChild;
if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
Clipboard.SetDataObject(Image.FromFile(openFileDialog1.FileName), false);
formRichText.rTBDoc.Paste();
}
}
}
}
Form2
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SimpleMDIExample
{
public partial class Form2 : Form
{
//public bool isChanged = true;
public bool isSaved;
public Form2()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
}
}
FormFind
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SimpleMDIExample
{
public partial class FormFind : Form
{
Form1 MainForm1;
private void FormFind_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void Search_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (findText.Text.Length != 0)//如果查找字符串不为空,调用主窗体查找方法
MainForm1.FindRichTextBoxString(findText.Text);//上步增加的方法
else
MessageBox.Show("查找字符串不能为空", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
}
public FormFind(Form1 form1)
{
InitializeComponent();
MainForm1 = form1;
}
private void Replace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (replaceText.Text.Length != 0)//如果查找字符串不为空,调用主窗体替换方法
MainForm1.ReplaceRichTextBoxString( replaceText.Text);
else//方法MainForm1.ReplaceRichTextBoxString见(26)中定义
MessageBox.Show("替换字符串不能为空", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
}
}
}
实验小结
感觉综合实验作业不太有做完的时候,从基本功能的实现到一步步拓展,永远都有做得不太好的地方。代码先留在这里,希望以后可以实现更多的功能!欢迎评论区批评指正!哈哈哈
参考网站
C#做文本编辑器时如何实现文本中插入图片?
C#教程之实现文本编辑器查找替换功能
【可视化编程】实验4:C#窗体和控件综合设计(多文本编辑器)