在 PHP 中对数组排序有很多函数,如 sort, asort, arsort, ksort, krsort, uasort 等等,但是有一个问题,如一个数组:
$test = array(1 => 0, 99 => 0, 87 => 0, 45 => 0, 67 => 0, 11 => 1, 2 => 0);
$test = array(1 => 0, 99 => 0, 87 => 0, 45 => 0, 67 => 0, 11 => 1, 2 => 0);
用 asort 函数对其进行排序,asort($test) 结果如下(转换为 json 格式):
{"67":0,"2":0,"1":0,"45":0,"87":0,"99":0,"11":1}
{"67":0,"2":0,"1":0,"45":0,"87":0,"99":0,"11":1}
可以看到排序虽然正确,值为 1 的元素排到后面去了,但是值为 0 的元素顺序跟以前不一样了,如何保证 PHP 数组同值元素排序后顺序保持不变呢?
感谢网友的回答:
PHP 的 asort 和 sort,底层是用快排实现的。无法保证同等大小的元素的顺序。要保证值为0的顺序不变?只能自己实现一个数组排序。对于数组中相等的元素,它们在排序后的顺序是未定义的。 (也即相等元素之间的顺序是不稳定的)
解决方法
1.在 PHP 官方手册上其实有答案了,直接贴出来:
If you want to keep the order when two members compare as equal, use this.
function stable_uasort(&$array, $cmp_function) {
if(count($array) < 2) {
return;
}
$halfway = count($array) / 2;
$array1 = array_slice($array, 0, $halfway, TRUE);
$array2 = array_slice($array, $halfway, NULL, TRUE);
stable_uasort($array1, $cmp_function);
stable_uasort($array2, $cmp_function);
if(call_user_func($cmp_function, end($array1), reset($array2)) < 1) {
$array = $array1 + $array2;
return;
}
$array = array();
reset($array1);
reset($array2);
while(current($array1) && current($array2)) {
if(call_user_func($cmp_function, current($array1), current($array2)) < 1) {
$array[key($array1)] = current($array1);
next($array1);
} else {
$array[key($array2)] = current($array2);
next($array2);
}
}
while(current($array1)) {
$array[key($array1)] = current($array1);
next($array1);
}
while(current($array2)) {
$array[key($array2)] = current($array2);
next($array2);
}
return;
}
function cmp($a, $b) {
if($a['n'] == $b['n']) {
return 0;
}
return ($a['n'] > $b['n']) ? -1 : 1;
}
$a = $b = array(
'a' => array("l" => "A", "n" => 1),
'b' => array("l" => "B", "n" => 2),
'c' => array("l" => "C", "n" => 1),
'd' => array("l" => "D", "n" => 2),
'e' => array("l" => "E", "n" => 2),
);
uasort($a, 'cmp');
print_r($a);
stable_uasort($b, 'cmp');
print_r($b);
- 如果使用 Composer,也可以使用 PHP 扩展包,这里有一个扩展包 vanderlee/php-stable-sort-functions 就是专门解决这个问题的。
bool StableSort::arsort ( array &$array [, int $sort_flags = SORT_REGULAR ] )
bool StableSort::asort ( array &$array [, int $sort_flags = SORT_REGULAR ] )
bool StableSort::natcasesort ( array &Sarray )
bool StableSort::natsort ( array &Sarray )
bool StableSort::uasort ( array &$array , callable $value_compare_func )
bool StableSort::uksort ( array &$array , callable $value_compare_func )
bool StableSort::usort ( array &$array , callable $value_compare_func )
推荐链接
扩展包地址:https://packagist.org/packages/vanderlee/php-stable-sort-functions