In our last lesson, we talked about how to form statements, and we learned that English word order is quite different from Chinese. So in this lesson, we will be talking about how to form negative sentences and questions in English!
在上节课中，我们讨论了如何构成陈述句，并且我们了解到了英语的词序和汉语很不一样。所以在这节课中，我们将讨论如何用英语形成否定句和疑问句。
Negation 否定
Negation is the process of turning a positive statement to its opposite side.
否定是将肯定命题转到它的对立面的过程。
auxiliary/modal verb + not
助动词/情态动词+ not
例子：She is a good student. -- She is not a good student.
她是一个好学生。——她不是一个好学生。
Questions 问句
No matter which type of question, there is one common rule: it is to change the statement order subject + verb to verb + subject.
无论哪种类型的问句，有一个共同的规律: 主语+动词的陈述句顺序要改变为动词+主语。
1. Yes/No Questions 是/否 问题
From the subtitle, it is obvious that the Yes/No Questions are asking for yes/no as the answer. They usually begin with a verb.
从副标题中，很明显，“是/否”问题的答案是“是/否”。它们通常以动词开头。
例子：It is raining today. -- Is it raining today? 今天下雨了。今天下雨吗?
He can cook. -- Can he cook? 他可以做饭。他会做饭吗?
If the sentence doesn't have an auxiliary verb(can, do, have...) or the main verb isn't "to be", you need to put the verb "do" at the beginning, and its form varies depending on the tense.
如果句子没有助动词(can, do, have…)或者主要动词不是“to be”，你需要把动词“do”放在开头，它的形式取决于时态。
例子：She finishes her homework early. -- Does she finish her homework early? 她很早就完成了作业。-- 她提早完成作业了吗?
She finished her homework. -- Did she finish her homework? 她完成了作业。-- 她完成作业了吗?
2. "Five W" Questions 五个“W” 问题
Even though they are called the "Five W", there are also “h” beginning words as well.
尽管它们被称为“五个W”，但也有以 “h” 开头的单词。
what, which 什么， 哪个
where 哪里
who 谁
when 什么时候
why 为什么
how 怎么
how many, how much, how often 多少，多少，多久
例子：He is playing basketball in the park. -- Who is playing basketball in the park?/What is he playing in the park?/Where is he playing basketball?
他正在公园里打篮球。——谁在公园里打篮球?/他在公园里玩什么?/他在哪里打篮球?
3. Indirect Questions (formal) 间接疑问句(正式)
In an indirect question, the verb is moved to the end instead of before the subject.
在间接疑问句中，动词要移到句尾而不是主语前面。
例子：Where is the bookstore? -- Could you please tell me where the bookstore is?/Do you know where the bookstore is?
书店在哪里? -- 你能告诉我书店在哪里吗?/你知道书店在哪里吗?
4. Tag questions 反义疑问句
A tag question is a sentence with a question tag at the end, to check or confirm that you've understood.
反义疑问句是在句尾加上反义疑问词，用来检查或确认你已经理解了。
例子：You will do your homework, don't you？你会做你的家庭作业，对吗?
5. Negative Questions for Confirmation 否定问题确认
A negative question is a question that contains the word "not".
negative verb (see beginning) + subject + main verb + ......
否定疑问句是含有“not”的疑问句。
否定动词(参见开头)+主语+主动词+....
例子：Isn't she going to finish it? / Is she not going to finish it? (formal)
她不打算完成它吗?/她不会完成它吗? (正式)
Important 注意: When answering a negative question, that is a question containing "not", "no" is an affirmative answer, "yes" is a negative answer. In other words, it is answered in the opposite way as the normal questions. It might not seem odd in English, but it is different from Chinese
当回答一个否定的问题时，就是一个包含“not”的问题，“no”是肯定的回答，“yes”是否定的回答。换句话说，它的回答方式与一般问题相反。这在英语中可能并不奇怪，但它不同于汉语。.
例子：Aren't you going to English class tomorrow? -- No, I'm not going./Yes I am.
你明天不去上英语课吗? -- 不，我不去。/ 我去。
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