孤独地对抗全世界

        Today I'm going to introduce a genius to you, his whole life is bound by chess, all through his life he was playing that intellectual sport with all kinds of players, meanwhile, he is a lonely warrior against the world and is seen by many not so much a genius as a lunatic, his name is Bobby Fischer, absolutely, he is no other than the archetypal character of the film Pawn Sacrifice, the story in which narrated his legendary life. Before we come to Bobby, it is necessary to sketch his mother Regina's upbringing. Born in Switzerland, Regina Wender Fischer followed her parents, both Jewish-Poles, to America at an early age and was grown up in Saint Louis, Missouri. Having graduated from high school, Regina was quite confused about what she was able to do in the future. Once when she called on her brother, she struck up an acquaintance with the well-known geneticist, a to-be Nobel Prize winner as well, Hermann Joseph Muller. Maybe it is a prejudice from his own perspective, maybe it is really a hot major with a bright future then, Muller advised Regina to study medicine, and soon afterwards the latter was enrolled as a student of medicine in Moscow State Medical University. During that time she run into her to-be husband Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, who made a move on the wandering lonely girl and not long after what had been done couldn't be undone, they got the marriage certificate in November, 1933. It is not until five years later that their daughter Joan Fischer was born, since then Regina deserted Hans and moved to Paris with her little girl and was reduced to an English teacher for a living. One year later, they migrated to America and settled down over there.

        今天我要向大家介绍一位天才,他的一生离不开国际象棋,他一辈子都在跟各种各样的人下棋,同时他是一个孤身一人对抗全世界的人,他在绝大多数人眼里与其说是一个天才倒不如说是一个疯子,他的名字叫鲍比·费舍尔,没错,他正是电影《出棋致胜》的原型人物,其中的故事讲述了他传奇的一生。在我们谈及他之前,有必要简单介绍一下他母亲的成长经历,雷吉娜·温德尔·费舍尔出生于瑞士,她的父母都是犹太裔波兰人,雷吉娜很小就随父母迁居美国,并在密苏里州圣路易斯长大成人。高中毕业后,雷吉娜对于自己未来能做什么感到很迷茫,一次在造访哥哥的过程中结识了著名的遗传学家,也是未来的诺贝尔奖得主赫尔曼·约瑟夫·马勒,或许是对于自己专业的偏见,或许这在当时真的是一个前景广阔的热门专业,马勒建议雷吉娜学医,后者不久就作为一名医学生进入了莫斯科国立医科大学。在那期间她邂逅了自己未来的丈夫汉斯·格哈特·费舍尔,后者对这个孤身一人漂泊在外女孩展开了猛烈的爱情攻势,不久生米就煮成了熟饭,两人于1933年11月领了证,五年后他们的女儿琼·费舍尔出生了,从此雷吉娜就抛下丈夫带着女儿前往巴黎,在那儿她以教授英语为生,一年后,她们又迁移至美国并定居在那里。

        As the second child to Regina, Bobby Fischer was born on March 9th, 1943 in Chicago as a bastard (I am reluctant to relate him with that word, yet it is a fact). Although Hans' name cropped up on his birth certificate, his real father is Paul Nemenyi, a Jewish mathematician and physicist in Hungary, an expert specialized in hydrodynamics and applied mechanics. Despite of the fact that Regina latched on two academic heavyweights in succession: a German biophysicist as her husband and a Hungarian physicist as her lover, she had been in financial straits with her two children and a person of no fixed abode after arriving in America. Having changed a dozen of jobs and residences, it is the 10th time for herself and her two child and they finally settled in Brooklyn when Bobby was half a year old. Considering that her diploma in Moscow was by no means accepted here, she had no other choice but study for a master's degree in health care and engaged in that kind of job after graduation. Regina and Nemenyi kept intimate relationships with each other for a long time, even though they never made it public. As Bobby grew up, he revealed to a Hungarian junior chess player, his own admirer Zita Rajcsanyi in a conversation that Nemenyi came to his house and took him out frequently in his childhood. Regina even went so far as to wrote a letter when Nemenyi passed away in 1952 to his eldest son to ask if his father had any legacy left for Bobby, "Bobby has been feeling sick for 2 days, he has a fever and a sore throat. Of course, we can't afford a doctor and medicine. If Paul were still alive, he would be sure not to stand by and do nothing to pull Bobby out of such a predicament. Therefore, I am eager to ask you if Paul had left something for his son." As to the reason why Regina was reluctant to make an admission that Nemenyi is Bobby’s father, she must consider it a blot on her fame that she had a baby outside marriage.

        作为雷吉娜的第二个孩子,鲍比·费舍尔于1943年3月9日在芝加哥出生,他是一个私生子(尽管我不想把他跟那个字眼联系起来,但这就是事实),虽然汉斯的名字赫然耸现在他的出生证明上,但他真实的父亲是保罗·内门伊,一个犹太裔的匈牙利数学家和物理学家,同时也是一位流体力学和应用力学方面的专家。尽管雷吉娜接连傍上了两个学术圈的重量级人物,一位德国生物物理学家作为她的丈夫和一位匈牙利的物理学家作为她的情夫,在抵达美国后她不仅居无定所、换了N多次工作和居住地,她和两个孩子经济上也十分窘迫,在鲍比六个月大的时候,她第十次搬家并最终定居在布鲁克林,考虑到她在莫斯科拿到的文凭在这里并不被承认,她不得不攻读医护专业硕士,并在毕业后从事那方面的工作。雷吉娜和内门伊尽管从未对外公开过他们的关系,他们彼此之间却保持着亲密关系,成年后的鲍比在一次交谈中透露给匈牙利的后辈棋手,同时也是他本人的崇拜者齐塔·拉吉克桑伊,在童年时期内门伊经常造访他家并带他出去玩。雷吉娜甚至在内门伊1952年去世的当口子写信给他的长子询问其是否为鲍比留下什么遗产:“鲍比已经病了两天,他发烧且喉咙疼,我们当然请不起医生、买不起药,如果保罗健在,他一定不会对鲍比目前的窘境袖手旁观,所以我很迫切地想要问一下是否保罗为他的孩子留下了什么。”至于雷吉娜不愿承认内门伊是鲍比父亲的原因,她一定是觉得婚外生子对于她的名誉是一个污点。

        As the person who introduced chess to Bobby, Joan is that guide the latter should be grateful to. When Bobby was 6 years old, Joan bought a chess set from the nearby toy shop, the two children read the instructions and soon learnt to play it. It didn't take long before Joan is no match for him, then he expended his circle and soon couldn't find an equal for himself around. Without any other means, Regina had to resort to the newspaper Brooklyn Eagle to advertise for a rival for her son. In spite of the fact that the newspaper by no means did it for Regina as they had no idea which section the advertisement ought to be put, they were very enthusiastic. The editors introduced Hermann Helms, nicknamed the headmaster of American Chess School, to Regina. Facts proved that Helms is instrumental to Bobby's development in the field of chess. Once when Max Pavey, the former national champion of Scotland, came to America to play exhibition games, Fischer, in Helms' help, obtained the opportunity to be one among many players in the tag match with him. The 7-year-old Fischer insisted on 15 minutes and drew huge crowds, even though he lost eventually. Among the audience there was one person called Carmine Nigro, he is the president of Brooklyn Chess Club. As Bobby's superb skill impressed him, he soon enlisted the young boy and instruct him in person. As to his first teacher Nigro in childhood, Fischer rated like this, "Perhaps Mr. Nigro is not the best chess player in the world, he is an excellent teacher, it may be a determinant for me to improve my chess skills encountering him." Without doubt, Bobby gets the gene from his parents and is a high IQ boy, this makes him a lone wolf isolated from his peers and a problem student at school. As a result of making trouble incessantly and beating the headmaster, Bobby was expelled from school. His mother began to feel a little worried about his future: without a college diploma, my son will be unable to get a decent job, without a job, he can't support himself, even if Bobby is an excellent chess player, he is not free from being marginalized, then what should he do? But not long afterwards, Regina’s worrying dissipated.

        把鲍比引入国际象棋的琼是他应该感谢的人,鲍比六岁时,琼在附近的玩具店买了一幅象棋,两个孩子照着说明书学会了怎样下棋,没过多久琼就不是他的对手了,之后他扩大了自己下棋的圈子并发现周围无人能与自己对弈,无奈之下,雷吉娜只得求助于《布鲁克林鹰报》报社为她自己的孩子刊登一则寻求国际象棋挑战的广告,尽管报社因为不知应该将广告放在哪个版块而没有刊登,但他们却很热情,报社的编辑为雷吉娜介绍了绰号为美国国际象棋校长的赫尔曼·赫尔姆斯。事实证明赫尔姆斯对于鲍比在国际象棋领域的发展是有帮助的,一次前苏格兰全国冠军麦克斯·帕维赴美打表演赛,在赫尔姆斯的帮助下,费舍尔得到了作为车轮战中的一员跟他对弈的机会,尽管年仅七岁的费舍尔坚持了15分钟并吸引了大量的观众,但他最后还是输了,在观众当中有一个叫卡明·尼格罗的,他是布鲁克林国际象棋俱乐部的主席,鲍比精湛的技艺令他印象十分深刻,他很快就把这个孩子招募了进来并亲自教授他下棋,对于他童年时期的启蒙老师尼格罗,费舍尔这样评价道:“也许他不是世界上最好的棋手,他却是一个特别好的老师,遇见他或许是我提高棋艺的一个决定因素。”不必说,鲍比继承了父母的基因并且是一个高智商的孩子,这使他生性孤僻,很难与同龄人相处,同时在学校他也是一个问题学生,因为不断惹是生非和殴打校长,鲍比被学校开除了,他的妈妈开始为他的前途感到一丝的担忧:没有大学文凭,我儿子就不可能找到一个体面的工作;没有工作,他就没法养活自己,即便鲍比是一个出类拔萃的棋手,他也逃不过被社会边缘化的危险,到时候他该怎么办?但是没过多久,雷吉娜的忧虑就一扫而空。

        In contrast, everything is ok in the sphere of chess. With his skill improved by leaps and bounds, Bobby was now in the ascendant. In 1955, 12-year-old Fischer had already been playing chess games for Manhattan Chess Club, the best one of all American clubs. When he was 13, he had already become the youngest champion in the National Youth Chess Championship. A year later, Fischer assumed the title of the youngest national champion in America, (though I am quite confused if it has any difference with the one he obtained in 1955). In 1958, 15-year-old Fischer was honored with the youngest grandmaster in the history of chess. As Bobby showed extraordinary talent in chess at an early age, he was dubbed "Mozart in the chess field". As for himself, he was quite confident about his own skill. Once when someone asked who is the best chess player ever, he rattled off, "Modesty is a kind of virtue, but I might be considered stupid if I don't tell the truth. That man is me—Bobby Fischer." Fischer's style, which is very offensive and unpredictable, bewildered his opponents, made him intractable to them and no one successfully analyzed his game. On the other hand, his emotionalization had already been apparent then. Once when Fischer was in a match in 1967, he grew irritated with the organizer over some trivial things and went so far as to quit the game during the championship. In the succeeding two years, he scarcely touched the chess and to find an answer to the questions haunted him, he joined World Council of Churches, and accepted their notions of apocalypse. He was considerably superstitious for a time, and went so far as to contribute a large amount of money for them, even if he plays the role of Eugenie Grandet every now and again in real life. Only when the end of the world predicted by the pastors didn't really come had he found himself be played and never trust them again. 3 year later, Bobby got rid of his status of seclusion and came back to chess. As his skills never withered away, he won 20 times in a row against the first-rate chess masters. The next step is to challenge the world champion, Russian chess player Boris Spassky.

        相比之下,在国际象棋领域内鲍比一直都顺风顺水,随着棋艺的突飞猛进,他青云直上,在1955年,12岁的费舍尔已经代表全美最好的曼哈顿俱乐部参加比赛了,13岁时,他已经成为最年轻的全国青年国际象棋锦标赛的冠军,一年后,费舍尔赢得了美国全国最年轻的冠军头衔(虽然我一点都搞不清楚这跟他在1955年的得到的有什么区别),1958年,15岁的费舍尔荣获了国际象棋史上最年轻大师的称号,由于鲍比从小就显露出下棋的天赋,他被称为“国际棋坛的莫扎特”,就他自己而言,他对自己的技巧很有信心,有一次当别人问及谁是有史以来最伟大的棋手,他不假思索地回答道:“谦虚是一种美德,但我如果不说出真相那可就太笨了,那个人就是我——鲍比·费舍尔”。费舍尔的棋风非常具有进攻性并难以预测,这会让他的对手感到不知所措同时把他视为一个难缠的家伙,没有人能成功拆解他的棋局。另一方面,他情绪上的不稳定在此时也昭然若揭,在1967年一次打比赛的时候,费舍尔因为一些小事对组织者发飙甚至当场弃赛而逃,在接下来的两年中,他几乎不碰国相,为了找到萦绕在他心头种种问题的答案,他加入了“世界上帝会”,并接受了他们关于世界末日和天启的种种学说,他一度对此非常着迷,并捐赠给教会一大笔钱,尽管在生活中他时常扮演着吝啬鬼的角色。仅仅当牧师预言的世界末日没有真的来临时他才发现自己被耍了,他从此不再信教。三年后,鲍比摆脱了隐居的生活并重新回到棋坛,鉴于他的棋艺并没有任何退化,跟世界顶级大师接连对垒20局并连战连捷,他的下一步是要挑战世界冠军、俄罗斯国相选手鲍里斯·斯帕斯基。

        The world pattern then was a cold war between America and Soviet Union. The two superpowers clashed with each other in realms such as politics, economics, diplomacy and culture, surely enough, chess is one battleground among them. In those days, chess was a game monopolized by USSR, world champions are nobody other than the sunken-eyed, square-faced, bearded Russians. Considering that Bobby is a good hand for American politicians, they could inflict their rival a body blow and take an extra stronghold in the cold war as long as they makes good use of him. So, the duel between Fischer and Spassky was called "The Game of the Century", everyone followed it with particular interest. But on Bobby's side, incorporating too many things into the game means distractions to him, what he wants was to play chess with another man without attracting too much attention. So, he began to grumble, grumble about everything: the ground is unsatisfactory, the chair is uncomfortable, the chessboard is disagreeable, the pieces is bad to the touch, furthermore, he lodged a protest against audience and TV broadcast on the scene. When the match was about to begin, he threatened not to go to Iceland to play the game, except his demand of $250,000 (an equivalent of€1.2 million now) as the bonus was met. In those days, chess was only a niche sport with limited reputation and influence. How can it be entertaining when two man sit at a chessboard fiddle with the pieces in hands? Therefore, the astronomical price demanded by Bobby is unacceptable then. When the game was heading for a miscarriage, Kissinger intervened, perhaps this excellent politician was unwilling to let slip a golden opportunity to beat his opponents. In his repeated requests, and a British chess fan's sponsorship, Bobby agreed to play chess with Spassky at last.

        当时的世界格局是美苏两国处于冷战之中,两个超级强国在政治、经济、外交和文化等诸多方面进行了一系列的较量,当然国际象棋也是其中的一个主战场,那时国相可是苏联人垄断的运动,世界冠军清一色地都是眼眶深陷、四方脸、蓄着大胡须的俄罗斯人,考虑到鲍比是美国政治家手中的一张好牌,只要他们善用一定能给予他们的政治对手重击并在冷战中再下一城,所以费舍尔跟斯帕斯基的这场对决被称之为“世纪对决”,所有人都对这场比赛额外关注。可是对于鲍比而言,把太多的东西掺和进象棋就意味着分心,他想要的仅仅是在不引起任何人关注的情况下跟另一个人下一盘棋,所以他开始发牢骚,抱怨所有事情:比赛场地不尽人意、椅子不舒服、棋盘不顺眼、棋子手感不好,除此以外,他抗议比赛现场的观众和电视直播,他在比赛即将开始的时候威胁不去冰岛参赛,除非满足他对于比赛奖金提升到25万美元的要求(相当于现在的120万欧元)。在当时,国际象棋只是一个名气和影响力十分有限的小众体育运动,两个人坐在棋盘前摆弄手中的棋子对于观众有何乐趣可言?因此,鲍比的漫天要价很难令人接受,这场比赛眼看着即将流产,这时基辛格出面了,或许这位出色的政治家不想错失以此打击政治对手的良机,在他的再三恳求下,和一位英国棋迷的慷慨赞助,鲍比终于同意跟斯帕斯基比一场。

        Although Bobby made a concession to some extent, he lost the first two games: the first one he helped his opponent win with an inexplicable fault; the second one he was judged losing for absence. Fischer's indiscretion caused strong resentment among Icelanders, mass of Meykjavik residents demonstrated outside the American embassy, shouted "if Fischer goes on taking the game rashly, we will take back American bases!" (In another words, Icelanders was going to drive off U.S. station troops if Fischer went on disappointing them). Kissinger had no other choice but persuade him once more. On the other hand, Spassky was reluctant to defeat him without a fight, so, in everyone's mediation, the organizer consented to move the ground to a table tennis room without audience and television cameras, only in this way did Fischer concentrate himself on the game. At this time Fischer appeared to get into the groove, he displayed his talent thoroughly and attacked his rival with all kinds of eccentric tricks. In the following two months, Fischer and Spassky fought 21 rounds, with the points 12.5 to 8.5 Fischer was crowned world champion. American citizens seethed, Bobby was warmly welcomed by his motherland as a hero. The popular saying went like this: Fischer defeated the Soviets in their own field, destroyed the Soviet chess empire in a move, earned American "the first round" in the cold war. Without being too particular about his objectionable eccentricities, he was regarded as a "national hero". Even President Nixon himself tendered his congratulations to him. It is alleged that Fischer rejected Nixon's interview, because the president was unwilling to pay for it, Spassky's popularity nosedived after returning to Russia, he was accused widely, could not but emigrate to France and never touch chess again. A few months later when Nixon visited Soviet Union, he present the General Secretary Brezhnev a pocket chess as a gift, which embarrassed the latter.

        虽然鲍比在一定程度上作出了妥协,他却连输了头两场:第一场他因为一个莫名其妙的失误而甘拜下风,第二场他因为缺席而被判负,费舍尔轻率的行为引起了冰岛人强烈的不满,大量的冰岛民众集结在美国大使馆前示威,他们叫嚣着“如果费舍尔继续这样草率地对待比赛,我们将收回美军的基地!”(换句话说,如果费舍尔继续令他们失望的话,冰岛人将会把美国的驻军全部赶走)。基辛格硬着头皮再一次劝说他,另一方面斯帕斯基也不想不战而胜,所以在所有人的斡旋下,主办方同意将比赛场地搬到一个没有观众和电视摄像头的乒乓球室,仅当如此费舍尔才能把精力集中在下棋上面。这时的费舍尔似乎进入了状态,他充分展示了自己的天才,怪招频出,在接下来的两个月里,费舍尔和斯帕斯基对垒了21局,以12.5比8.5的分数费舍尔登上了世界冠军的宝座。美国国内沸腾了,鲍比被他的祖国当做英雄一般热烈欢迎,当时流行的说法是:费舍尔在苏联人自己的领域内打败了他们自己,一举摧毁了苏联的国际象棋帝国,为老美在冷战中赢得了第一回合。人们没有过分计较他那些令人反感的古怪行为,反而把他当作国家英雄看待,甚至总统尼克松本人也亲自向他道贺。据说费舍尔拒绝了尼克松的接见,因为总统不会为此付他钱,斯帕斯基回国后声望一落千丈,他遭到所有人的指责,不得不移居法国从此不再染指国相,几个月后尼克松访问苏联的时候送给当众熟记(这是一个敏感词,因此不得不替换掉)勃列日涅夫一幅袖珍的国际象棋,令后者极为尴尬。

        The whole world belonged Fischer then, he was rich, handsome and young, he was the blue-eyed boy of the media and idol of the girls. He could command the wind as long as he intends and start a new epoch, yet disappointingly, he fell down from the height. His bigotry manifested itself long before his career peaks, and at this point, it became much more serious. He once accused his opponent of poisoning his meal, bugging the phone in the hotel room he stayed at, he censured Russians for conspiracy against him. He suffered from flight phobia, because he fears sabotage by Russians against his plane. He began to reject everyone, insulate himself from anybody who wants to help him and allowed himself sinking into paranoid delusions. Shortly afterwards, he made speeches against America, and became malicious and aggressive towards Jews, of which his mother Regina is a part. Thereafter, he broke off with Regina. As to his anti-Semitism, junior Russian chess player Garry Kasparov wrote in his biography, "Perhaps Fischer's anti-Semitic feeling has something to do with the fact that most of his rivals, whom Fischer had friction with, are Jews. Everyone sided against him with an aim to stop him from advancing to world champion, and since then Fischer was at deep enmity with them." 1975 is the year for Fischer to defend his champion, as he put forward excessive demands to International Chess Federation and the latter made no compromise, Fischer gave up his title to the Russian chess player Anatoly Karpov. From then on, Fischer seemed vanished from the earth, his reappearance to hit the headlines always had nothing to do with chess. In 1980s, he had been arrested in California for being mistaken for a bank robber. As time goes by, he became increasingly abnormal and indulged, day after day, in his own paranoia and vain hope. Fischer was preparing for his final round, it reduced him to a pain in the ass, an exile and a pariah even if it provided him a considerable amount of money.

        当时全世界都是属于费舍尔的,他年轻、英俊且有钱,他是媒体的宠儿和少女们顶礼膜拜的偶像,只要他一挥手就能够呼风唤雨、开启一个新时代,但他却令人失望地从神坛上跌落了下来。他的偏执早在他抵达巅峰之前就显露无疑,并且在现在变得越来越严重了,他曾经控告对手在饭菜里下毒、在他下榻的酒店里安装窃听器,他谴责苏联人搞阴谋陷害他,他不敢坐飞机,因为害怕苏联人在飞机上做手脚,他开始拒绝所有人,使任何一个想帮助他的人都没法接近他并任由自己陷入偏执妄想当中。不久之后,他公开发表反美言论,对犹太人的态度也开始变得恶毒而有攻击性,即便他妈妈雷吉娜也是其中的一份子,再后来,他跟雷吉娜断绝了母子关系。对于他的反犹情绪,后辈俄罗斯棋手加里·卡斯帕罗夫在他的自传中写道:费舍尔的反犹情绪或许跟他在棋坛的绝大多数对手都是犹太人有关,费舍尔跟他们产生过摩擦,每个人联合起来反对他,想要阻止他晋升为世界冠军,自此以后费舍尔就跟他们结下梁子了。1975年是费舍尔卫冕冠军之年,由于他对于国际棋联提出了非分要求并且后者没有做出妥协,费舍尔将他的头衔拱手让给了俄罗斯棋手阿纳托利·卡尔波夫。自此以后,费舍尔似乎从地球上消失了,他重新出现成为新闻热点人物却总是与国际象棋无关,在上世纪80年代,他曾因为被误当作银行抢劫犯而被加利福尼亚警方逮捕。随着时间的演进,他变得越来越不正常、越来越沉溺在自己的偏执和妄想当中。费舍尔正在准备他的最后一场比赛,尽管有丰厚的奖金,却让他成了一个为所有人讨厌的人、一个流亡者和社会弃儿。

        Not until 20 year later did Fischer come back to chess. It is the 20th anniversary of "The Game of the Century", Fischer, gave the nod to a Serbian banker's invitation, consented to fight another battle against his old rival Spassky in Yugoslavia. The reason of his comeback is his eagerness for money. As he had never hooked into any games over the years, he had made away with all his money. The one acted as a go-between is that 18-year-old Hungarian female chess player Zita Rajcsanyi, the true love of the King of Chess. Although this plain-looking girl with thick glasses and ponytails is too mediocre to be a goddess to an ordinary man, the eccentric genius opened his mind to her. It is under Rajcsanyi's persuasion that Fischer boarded the plane to Yugoslavia. In those days America was imposing sanctions against the nation, the government warned Fischer it would be a provocation and humiliation to them if he plays game in an enemy nation, yet he still went his own way. In the news conference before the game, Fischer fired against his motherland, accused that himself had been blacklisted by Jewish society and thwarted from playing games during these 20 years. What's more, he opened the briefcase, spat on the fax from George Bush who dissuaded him from playing that game as it run counter to their embargo against Yugoslavia and sniffed, "This is my answer". Fischer went to the game, defeat Spassky once more and pocketed $3.65 million. From this moment he never set foot on his homeland, because 10 years' imprisonment was awaiting him if he dares to do so. In his last few years, he spent his life between Hungary, the Philippines and Japan. In 2001, America was under attack from terrorists, people nationwide were in deep sorrow. In a Philippine radio interview Fischer, far away from home, could hardly conceal his excitement, "It’s really a piece of good news, I cheer for it, at last the whites ought to leave America, the blacks go back to Africa, and return America to Indians. This is the end I'm glad to see. Go to hell, America!" And this time, Fischer stirred up a nest of hornets, he incurred widely criticism, and reduced himself from a national hero to a public enemy.

        直到20年后费舍尔才重返棋坛,在“世纪之战”二十年周年纪念日的当口子,费舍尔应一位塞尔维亚银行家之邀,同意跟昔日的对手斯帕斯基在南斯拉夫再战一城,这次复出的原因是他渴望得到钱,鉴于他在这些年当中从未打过比赛,他手上的积蓄都花光了。从中牵线搭桥的是那位18岁的匈牙利女棋手拉吉克桑伊,她可是棋王的真爱,尽管这位相貌平平、戴着厚镜片、扎着马尾辫的姑娘在一个普通人眼里怎么看都不像一位女神,性格古怪的天才却对她敞开了心扉,在她的劝说下费舍尔踏上了前往南斯拉夫的航班。那时候美国正在对这个国家实施制裁,美国政府警告费舍尔去敌国参加比赛是对他们的挑衅和羞辱,可他还是一意孤行,在赛前的新闻发布会上,费舍尔对祖国发飙,指责犹太社会把他列入了黑名单、在这20年当中阻挠他参加比赛。更为过分的是,他打开了公文包,在老布什劝阻他去南斯拉夫比赛的传真上吐了一口口水,轻蔑地说道:“这就是我的答案”。费舍尔参加了比赛,又一次击败了斯帕斯基,将365万美元收入囊中,从此以后他再也没有半步踏上自己祖国的国土,因为一旦回国就意味着10年有期徒刑。在他人生的最后几年当中,他辗转在匈牙利、菲律宾和日本度过,在2001年,美国遭到了恐怖分子的袭击,举国人民都沉浸在巨大的悲痛当中,一次接受菲律宾电台采访的时候,远在他乡的费舍尔难掩自己的兴奋:“这真是一个好消息,我为它感到欢呼,最终白人应该离开美国,黑人回到非洲,把美国还给印第安人,这就是我想要看到的结果,美国去死吧!”这一次费舍尔可捅了大篓子,他被所有人的口水声给淹死了,从一个国家英雄彻底沦为了一个全民公敌。

        In 2004, Fischer was arrested in Japan for using expired passport when he was about to leave Japan. He was sentenced to a few months in jail and during the time Japanese and US government disputed whether he should be extradited or not. If he was delivered to America, he would serve the rest of his life in prison. To help him weather the storm, his fans set up a "Bobby Fischer Rescuing Committee" and bustled around for his freedom. Meanwhile, Fischer's confidante, president of Japanese Chess Association Miyoko Watai announced to marry him with the aim of applying him a Japanese visa, in spite of the fact that Japan was pressured by America against making an exception for him. At the critical moment, Icelanders gave a hand to him and accepted him as a citizen. After being held for 9 months, Fischer left Japan with Miyoko Watai for Iceland, the kingdom Fischer reached the pinnacle in 1972. It is like a transmigration, he set out from here, and eventually came back here again. 3 years later, it was the news of his death that brought him back to the spotlight: he was initially diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. As he was suspicious of western medicine and refused surgical therapy and medication, the situation soon deteriorated into acute renal failure. Even then, he rejected any kind of treatment and there was only one option awaited him—to die. Perhaps Fischer is a lunatic, only when he sits at the chessboard can he find the peace. His is a great man, but there is not a single man took part in his funeral. He died at the age of 64, and as there is 64 squares on the chessboard, his every year alive means the piece moves forward to the next square on the board. Fischer is a genius, despite the fact that he is ruined by irritation, hatred and jealousy. As for his contemporaries and younger generation, his value is immeasurable. In Garry Kasparov’s eyes, Fischer is "the most legendary chess player in history". Another Russian chess player Mikhail Tal had a very high regard for him as well, he said Fischer is "The biggest genius fall from the chess sky". Needless to say, Fischer had a wide and substantial influence on chess as a sport. Just because of "The Game of the Century" in 1972, chess had the privilege to be televised in the golden age for the first time and became a mainstream intelligent sport in America. It is because of Fischer's insistence, this seemingly-unattractive-at-the-beginning sport attracted sponsors successfully. Before him, it is unimaginable for a chess player to live on playing games. Fischer is a great chess player, but he could have been greater if he is sane.

        2004年,费舍尔因为使用过期护照在他即将离开日本的时候被警方逮捕了,他被判入狱几个月并在此期间日本和美国政府争论是否将他引渡回国,如果被交给美方,他将在监狱里度过他的余生。为了帮助他渡过难关,他的粉丝成立了“鲍比费舍尔营救委员会”并且为他的重获自由东奔西走,在此期间,费舍尔的红颜知己、日本国际象棋协会的主席渡边美代子宣布嫁给他以帮助他申请签证,尽管迫于老美的压力日本没有给予通融,在这个关键时刻,冰岛人向他伸出了援助之手,并接受他为本国公民,在被拘禁了九个月之后,费舍尔和渡边美代子一起从日本飞往冰岛这个他在1972年达到人生巅峰的国度。这就像一个轮回,他从这里出发结果又回到了这里,三年后,使他重新成为媒体焦点话题的却是他的死讯:他最初被检查出尿路梗阻,由于他不相信西医并拒绝了手术和服药,情况很快就恶化成了急性肾衰竭,即便如此他也拒绝任何一种形式的治疗,因此等待他的只有一种选择——死亡。费舍尔或许是个疯子,但只有坐在棋盘前的他才能重归平静,他是一个了不起的人,但他死时身边却没有一个人,他64岁去世,恰好象棋棋盘上也有64个格子,他活着的每一年就意味着棋子在象棋棋盘上往前走一格,真是人生如棋、棋如人生啊!费舍尔是一个天才,尽管事实是他被愤怒、仇恨和猜忌毁于一旦,对于他的同时代人和后辈来说,他的价值是不可估量的。在加里·卡斯帕罗夫眼里,费舍尔是“国际象棋史上最为传奇的棋手”,另一个俄罗斯国象选手米哈伊尔·塔尔也对他推崇备至,他说费舍尔是“国际象棋天空中掉下来的最大的天才”。不必说,费舍尔对于作为一门运动项目的国际象棋的影响是广泛而巨大的,正因为1972年的那场世纪之战,国相才有幸在黄金时代第一次被电视转播,并成为了一项美国主流的智力运动;正因为费舍尔的坚持,这个乍一眼看上去没多大吸引力的运动才成功地吸引了赞助商,在他之前,一个国象选手靠打比赛养活自己简直是不可想象的,费舍尔是一个了不起的棋手,如果他没有疯的话将会更了不起。

         That is the story of Bobby Fischer.

        这就是鲍比费舍尔的故事。

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