最近我们高斋CATTI和MTI翻译班在练习汉译英的时候遇到了这个句型“农业生产既要增加总量，又要优化品种结构”。其实，我们在翻译中经常遇到“我们既要……又要……”这样的句型，大家的困惑往往在于不知道该把哪部分作为主要成分，哪一部分作为次要成分。今天工重号高斋翻译学堂雒老师Joy和小伙伴给大家分享“既要……又要……”这种句型的翻译方法，一起来学习吧。
汉语里面“既要……又要……”这样的句式强调的是后面“又要”的部分，也就是说“既要”是次要成分，“又要”是主要成分，常见的处理方法主要由以下4种：
1. while doing sth+主句
农业生产既要增加总量，又要优化品种结构。
While working to increase agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown.
讲解：“既要增加总量”是次要成分，“优化品种结构”是主要成分，英语里面while doing就是次要成分的形式，后面we also need to improve……是主要部分，work to 加上是为了强调政府努力要做的事，也可以不加。
2. in addition to doing sth+主干
例如，2019 年政府工作报告中的这一句：
既要创造更多物质财富和精神财富以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要，也要提 供更多优质生态产品以满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要。
In addition to creating more material and cultural wealth to meet people’s ever-increasing needs for a better life, we need also to provide more quality ecological goods to meet people's ever-growing demands for a beautiful environment.
讲解：“既要创造……”是次要成分，“也要提供……”是主要成分，in addition to doing sth和第一种翻译方法中的while doing sth相似，都是次要成分，这句话也可以说：
Whiling creating more material and cultural wealth to meet people’s ever-increasing needs for a better life, we need also to provide more quality ecological goods to meet people's ever-growing demands for a beautiful environment.
3. as well as +doing或do
金融时报例句：
As well as trying to master the Chinese language, Mr Zuckerberg has entertained China’s chief censor at his San Francisco home.
除了努力学习中文，扎克伯格还在旧金山的家中款待中国审查机构负责人。
讲解：trying to master the Chinese language是次要成分，has entertained China’s chief censor……是主要成分，as well as作介词，后面接动词ing或原型，意为“除了……之外，不仅，还有”，后接动词原形或者动词ing形式，这一话也可以翻译为“扎克伯格既要努力学习中文，还要在旧金山的家中款待中国审查机构负责人。”
As well as的用法之前在公众号“高斋翻译学堂”专门发过，不记得了可以去看看。别再用错as well as和and啦！
4. not only（次要成分）……but also……（主要成分）
报告中这一句：
我们既要全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标，又要乘势而上开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，向第二个百年奋斗目标进军。
In this period, not only must we finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the first centenary goal; we must also build on this achievement to embark on a new journey toward the second centenary goal of fully building a modern socialist country.
讲解：，not only……but also……中强调的重点是but also。但是用了倒装的形式，所以就是not only must we finish ……，we must also build……。如果大家在翻译的时候害怕出错，还是用正常的语序就行。
所以，“农业生产既要增加总量，又要优化品种结构”其实有以下几种译文啦：
译文1：While working to increase agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown.
译文2：In addition to increasing agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown.
译文3：As well as increasing agricultural output, we need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown.
译文4：We not only need to increase agricultural output, but also to improve the structure of grain varieties grown.
当然，在考试中，大家还是使用常见句型译文1、译文2和译文4吧。
