Actions and Change
To replace something means to put something else in its place.
When something gets old and begins to break down, it may need to be replaced.
译文：替换某物的意思是把别的东西放在它的位置上。当某样东西变老并开始出故障时，它可能需要更换。
Exercise:
1. The person who replaces someone is the person's replacement.
2. When a person leaves a company, the person may need to be replaced by someone else.
To tear something down means to break it apart.
To tear a person down means to hurt them by saying negative things about them.
译文：拆除/拆毁某物的意思是把某物拆开。诋毁某人的意思是通过说别人的坏话来伤害他们。
Exercise:
1. When the old school building was torn down, it was replaced by a hotel.
2. It may take a long time to tear down a big building.
To construct something means to build it or put it together.
Large construction projects include buildings, bridges, and organizations.
The opposite of "constructive" is "destructive".
译文：构建某物的意思是建造或者组装某物。大型建设项目包括建筑物、桥梁和组织机构。“建设性”的反义词是“破坏性”。
Exercise:
1. Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
2. To be constructive means to help build an idea or process by contributing something helpful, such as positive feedback.
To organize something means to arrange things in an orderly, logical way.
An organization is something that has a logical structure, such as a well-managed company.
译文：组织某事的意思是把事情安排得井然有序，合乎逻辑。组织是具有逻辑结构的东西，例如管理良好的公司。
Exercise:
1. They are too disorganized to get anything done on time.
3. An event or party can be well organized, poorly organized or completely disorganized.
To support something such as an idea is to help or add strength to it.
The opposite of "support" is "to undermine or weaken".
译文：支持某事，例如一个想法，就是帮助或增强它的力量。“支持”的反义词是“削弱”。
Exercise:
1. To work against someone means to undermine them, or make them less effective.
2. The opposite of "construct" is "tear down".
3.— What do you need to do in a place where everything is confused?
— organize it
4. "To help or strengthen" means "to support".
5.— What's the opposite of "destroy"?
— The opposite of "destroy" is "construct or build".
6. If you support someone, it means you are trying to help them succeed.
Repeat & Read Sentences:
1. To construct something means to build it or put it together.
2. Some people are poorly organized, so they have a hard time finding things.
3. When things are not arranged well, you need to organize.
4. The earthquake destroyed several buildings and left many people without homes.
5. Destructive comments in a discussion can be very negative and cause bad feelings.
Types of Information
Public information is available to anyone who wants to know it.
If a store is open to the public, it means anyone can come in.
译文：任何想知道的人都可以获得公共信息。如果一个商店对公众开放，这意味着任何人都可以进来。
Exercise:
1. Many people make money by investing in public companies.
2. A public company makes its shares available for purchase by any investor.
Private information is not open to everyone, but is only available to trusted friends or family.
Information about one's secret hopes and dreams is usually private.
译文：私人信息并不是对所有人都公开，而是只对值得信任的朋友或家人公开。一个人的秘密希望和梦想通常是秘密的。
Exercise:
1. The password to your bank account is private information.
2. Most people keep their personal information private.
Confidential information is secret information.
Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
译文：机密信息是秘密信息，机密信息不应该与他人分享。
Exercise:
1. Revealing confidential information may be illegal.
Gossip is information that is often exchanged because it's exciting or fun, even though it may not be true.
Office gossip is often entertaining, but it can also be damaging.
译文：八卦是人们经常交换的信息，因为它令人兴奋或有趣，即使它可能不是真的。办公室八卦通常很有趣，但也可能有损害性。
Exercise:
1. When people gossip, they may hurt someone by spreading false or embarrassing information.
2. Gossip may hurt or embarrass the person being gossiped about.
Opinions are what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
译文：意见是人们对某事的想法或感觉，而不是真实的信息。实际信息是以事实或证据为基础的，而意见是人们的想法或感觉。
Exercise:
1. Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
2.— A company's secrets are what kind of information?
— The details of a secret design or how a company makes decisions are often confidential.
3.— What a person thinks or feels about a issue is what?
— Opinions are what people think or feel about something as opposed to factual information.
4.— Highly personal information is what kind of information?
— Highly personal information is private information.
5. To keep something private means it shouldn't be shared with others.
6. Information about one's secret hopes and dreams is usually private.
7. Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
Repeat & Read Sentences:
1. Many people make money by investing in public companies.
2. Someone’s opinion is what they think or feel about something.
3. Confidential information is not supposed to be shared with others.
4. You had better keep information about your passwords private or you may lose a lot.
5. Factual information is based on facts or evidence, but opinions are what people think or feel.
